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10 Commandments of Investment Failure

Feb 22, 2012 | About:
I wrote an article at the end of last month about Don Keough’s fantastic book, “Ten Commandments for Business Failure.” As Don notes in the opening, the idea for the book came to him when he was asked to speak about the secret to success, a task he found quite difficult:

“When I was asked to talk about how to win, my response was that I couldn’t do that. What I could do, however, was to talk about how to lose and I offered a guarantee that anyone who followed my formula would be a highly successful loser.”

Charlie Munger likes to quote the German mathematician Carl Jacobi, who said “Invert, always invert”. At a 2008 event sponsored by Coca-Cola (KO) in Atlanta, Warren Buffett talked about this idea:

“You really want to reverse engineer your life. My partner Charlie Munger (who’s 84 and drinks a lot of Coke’s everyday too) says ‘all I want to know is where I’m going to die so that I’ll never go there’… If you engineer out of your life the habits of failure… what’s left is success; it’s not very complicated.”

This applies to what I have been talking about recently, particularly in my article entitled “Buying Stocks on Sale” - most of us aren’t looking to simply maximize our profits (despite what academia might think); in reality, we are looking for a risk-averse way to build our life savings at an attractive rate of return. For the great majority of people, an intelligent investment strategy that focused on buying great companies when they were attractively priced would generate returns that were more than satisfactory.

As such, I’m starting a list of “10 Commandments for Investment Failure”, which outlines some things individuals should do if they hope to drain their brokerage accounts dry; I hope that others will help me build this list by adding their own two cents in the comment section of this article:

10 Commandments for Investment Failure

1. Buy and sell in and out of stocks; the more frequently, the better.

2. Don’t bother reading annual reports; EPS is all that matters.

3. While you’re at it, don’t read about business or financial history at all; this is the “great moderation”, and the booms and busts of yesteryear are a thing of the past.

4. Spend the majority of your “research” time (if you feel the need to do research) watching CNBC.

5. Don’t limit yourself to one area of expertise; diversify into commodities trading, currencies trading, etc.

6. Rely on spreadsheets; whatever number the DCF model spits out must be true…

7. Live in a bubble; find what agrees with your thesis and avoid that which doesn’t

8. Look for the next big thing, especially in industries you know nothing about.

9. Avoid the advice of successful investors like Warren Buffett; everybody knows that “buy and hold” is dead anyways…

10. Use leverage; “2X” sounds a whole letter better than little old “X”

About the author:


I'm a value investor, with a focus on patience; I wait for great companies that are suffering from short term issues, and load up when those opportunities become present.

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Comments

onthefringe
Onthefringe - Feb 22, 2012 at 9:04 PM
Agreed and appreciated. As a novice investor I only have one question here. A few authors on Gurufocus have cautioned against the use of DCF. But isn't Buffet's "earnings power" simply a zero growth DCF that uses the average of the past 10 years owners earnings (normalized free cash flows)? Just clarifying to make sure I understand the distinction.
wimstarr
Wimstarr - Feb 23, 2012 at 12:37 AM
Do not think independantly so you do not have to take ownership (and assessment ) of gains and losses.

Do not learn form esperience nor vicariously.

Be so open minded that your brains fall out / stand for nothing and fall for everything.

Follow the Crowd / Be constantly contrarian.

Do not expose yourself to serendipity (positive black swans). Follow and Use the bell curve.

Do not assess the downside if you are wrong and do not ask questions...

Assess yourself using Hindsight Bias...
batbeer2
Batbeer2 premium member - Feb 23, 2012 at 2:07 AM
Hi Onthefringe,

>> But isn't Buffet's "earnings power" simply a zero growth DCF that uses the average of the past 10 years owners earnings (normalized free cash flows)?

Some thoughts:

Earnings power is the ability to earn. The average of ten years of earnings may be a useful metric but it's not equal to the ability of a company to earn.

The clearest example of this would be Great Northern Iron ore (GNI). The company will cease to exist in 2014. It was founded that way, it's the law. They have absolutely no ability to earn beyond that.
I believe the market is pricing this as a going concern because average past earnings and earnings power are confused.

Don't think of GNI is a special case. It's not. It's actually the Buffett type companies that are a special case. Buffett invests in "the absence of change" he buys companies that he thinks will perform in coming decades as they have in the past. They're rare.

In that special case, the average of past earnings becomes a more useful metric.

Just random thoughts.
onthefringe
Onthefringe - Feb 23, 2012 at 10:22 AM
Batbeer2,

OK. That definitely clarifies the concept.

It seems like a simple, practical tool. I wanted to try it out myself to see if its assumptions make sense to me. Do you know what general numeric assumptions might distinguish earnings power from a DCF (for example, I thought one assumption was zero growt)? Quotes I read give me the impression that it's a quantifiable estimate.

Also, you said:

"Earnings power is the ability to earn. The average of ten years of earnings may be a useful metric but it's not equal to the ability of a company to earn.... In that special case, the average of past earnings becomes a more useful metric."

I kind of infer from that, that estimating earnings power is very much open to interpretation. Is there any part of an earnings power estimate that is standardized in a way that differentiates itself from a DCF?

Sorry if I rambled a bit.
LwC
LwC - Feb 23, 2012 at 4:04 PM
Onthefringe, may I suggest that Bruce Greenwald et.al., in their book Value Investing from Graham to Buffett and Beyond, IMO gives a very useful explanation of earnings power valuation?

Here's how he begins his explanation:

"The traditional Graham and Dodd earnings assumptions are (1) that current earnings, properly adjusted, correspond to sustainable levels of distributable cash flow; and (2) that this earnings level remains constant for the indefinite future. Using these assumptions, the equation for the earning power value (EPV) of a company is EPV = Adjusted Earnings x 1/R, where R is the current cost of capital. Because the cash flow is assumed to be constant, the growth rate G is zero. The adjustments to earnings, which we discuss in greater detail in Chapter 6, include…"

FWIW I highly recommend Greenwald's book to anyone who is interested in learning how to understand a business. IMO his cogent explanations in just 150 pages is one of the best available.

Good luck.

onthefringe
Onthefringe - Feb 23, 2012 at 4:23 PM
Thank you. :)
jayb718
Jayb718 premium member - Feb 23, 2012 at 9:17 PM
These will ensure Investment Failure:

1. See a stock as only a piece of paper whose price wiggles up and down, never as a business.

If you must see it as a business, be sure to:
2. Pay any price, no price is too high for future earnings.
3. The more confusing the company the better.
4. Don't go near companies with anything resembling a competitive advantage.
5. And make sure the companies accounting methods are as aggressive as possible.

That's my suggestion for a sure-fire way to capital destruction.

I enjoyed this exercise :-)

Cheers.
traderatwork
Traderatwork - Feb 23, 2012 at 11:09 PM
And study and use ALL the technical "analysis" "techniques", the Chart, the Pattern and the 'idiot' wave.

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