Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
As of today (2024-04-23), the stock price of eFuture Holding is $25.94. eFuture Holding's graham number for the quarter that ended in Sep. 2016 was $1.29. Therefore, eFuture Holding's Price to Graham Number ratio for today is 20.14.
The historical rank and industry rank for eFuture Holding's Graham Number or its related term are showing as below:
EFUT's Price-to-Graham-Number is not ranked *
in the Software industry.
Industry Median: 2.15 * Ranked among companies with meaningful Price-to-Graham-Number only.
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
eFuture Holding Graham Number Historical Data
The historical data trend for eFuture Holding's Graham Number can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
For the Software - Application subindustry, eFuture Holding's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
eFuture Holding Price-to-Graham-Number Distribution
For the Software industry and Technology sector, eFuture Holding's Price-to-Graham-Number distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where eFuture Holding's Price-to-Graham-Number falls into.
eFuture Holding Graham Number Calculation
Graham Number is a concept based on Ben Graham's conservative valuation of companies.
eFuture Holding's Graham Number for the fiscal year that ended in Dec. 2015 is calculated as
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
eFuture Holding (NAS:EFUT) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
eFuture Holding's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Sep. 2016 )
=
25.94
/
1.29
=
20.14
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
eFuture Holding Graham Number Related Terms
Thank you for viewing the detailed overview of eFuture Holding's Graham Number provided by GuruFocus.com. Please click on the following links to see related term pages.
eFuture Holding (eFuture Holding) Business Description
E-Future Information Technology, Inc., established under the Cayman Islands Companies Law on November 2, 2000. The Company changed its name from 'e-Future Information Technology Inc.' to 'eFuture Information Technology Inc.' in December 2008. It provides software and services to China's retail and consumer goods industries. It offers one-stop, end-to-end integrated portfolio of software and services from factory to consumer on seven verticals: Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG), Department Store, Shopping Mall, Grocery, Logistics, Specialty Store and Online Retailers. Its clients include manufacturers, distributors, resellers, logistics companies and retailers. The Company's client base encompasses corporations such as Procter & Gamble, Pepsi, L'Oreal, Kimberly-Clark, Gucci and B&Q as well as Chinese companies. The Company has three business lines: software, professional services and cloud service. Its software solutions include the management of merchandizing, distribution, warehousing, supply chains, customer relationships, logistics and points of sale. It consists of three deployable groups of products: Foundation Solutions, Collaborative Solutions and Intelligent Solutions. Foundation Solutions - are used to meet client needs for services such as retail management, point of sale ('POS'), distribution management, logistics management, warehouse management, vendor payment and control and loyalty card management. Collaborative Solutions - are used to meet client needs for services such as visual SCM and visual process management systems. Depending on the type of customer and their needs, clients use a variety of Collaborative Solutions. Intelligent Solutions - are used to meet client needs for services such as business intelligence, brand analysis, supplier relationship management and customer relationship management systems. Professional Services includes recurring maintenance and support services on existing software installations, delivery services, consulting services and outsourcing services. Maintenance and Support Service - is provided following the installation of its software solutions, as clients will typically require ongoing maintenance support and software upgrades to ensure the efficient operation of their system. Consulting Service - is provided by its consulting services group which consists of business consultants, systems analysts and technical personnel. Outsourcing Service - is flexible by design to meet its clients' changing requirements. Cloud Service consists of cloud services based on cloud computing architecture, such as Salesforce Automation. Its regional service centers in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wuhan, Qingdao, Xi'an, Fuzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Chongqing and Shenzhen.
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