Liberty Global Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for Liberty Global's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
|
Liberty Global Annual Data
|
|
Trend |
Dec14 |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
Dec22 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
|
|
|
|
|
|
-1.79 |
-2.55 |
-3.13 |
-2.84 |
-2.85 |
|
Liberty Global Quarterly Data
|
|
Mar19 |
Jun19 |
Sep19 |
Dec19 |
Mar20 |
Jun20 |
Sep20 |
Dec20 |
Mar21 |
Jun21 |
Sep21 |
Dec21 |
Mar22 |
Jun22 |
Sep22 |
Dec22 |
Mar23 |
Jun23 |
Sep23 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-2.84 |
-2.81 |
-2.74 |
-2.73 |
-2.85 |
Competitive Comparison
For the Telecom Services subindustry, Liberty Global's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Liberty Global Beneish M-Score Distribution
For the Telecommunication Services industry and Communication Services sector, Liberty Global's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Liberty Global's Beneish M-Score falls into.
Liberty Global Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Liberty Global for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 1.0062 | + | 0.528 * 1.0418 | + | 0.404 * 0.9851 | + | 0.892 * 1.0411 | + | 0.115 * 1.0459 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 1.0489 | + | 4.679 * -0.07994 | - | 0.327 * 1.1519 |
| = | -2.85 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Dec23) TTM: | Last Year (Dec22) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $870 Mil.
Revenue was 1920.5 + 1854.5 + 1848 + 1868.4 = $7,491 Mil.
Gross Profit was 1212.2 + 1304.5 + 1292.3 + 1297.7 = $5,107 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $5,642 Mil.
Total Assets was $42,088 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $7,360 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $2,315 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $1,773 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $4,333 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $16,611 Mil.
Net Income was -3489.9 + 659.2 + -499.6 + -721.4 = $-4,052 Mil.
Non Operating Income was -3168.9 + 1067 + -163.7 + -587.5 = $-2,853 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 839.2 + 327.1 + 691.8 + 307.8 = $2,166 Mil.
|
Total Receivables was $831 Mil.
Revenue was 1841.9 + 1746.3 + 1754.2 + 1853.3 = $7,196 Mil.
Gross Profit was 1257.9 + 1262 + 1273.6 + 1316.5 = $5,110 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $6,297 Mil.
Total Assets was $42,895 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $6,505 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $2,171 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $1,623 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $3,921 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $14,609 Mil.
|
1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (870.1 / 7491.4) | / | (830.6 / 7195.7) |
| = | 0.116147 | / | 0.11543 |
| | = | 1.0062 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (5110 / 7195.7) | / | (5106.7 / 7491.4) |
| = | 0.710146 | / | 0.681675 |
| | = | 1.0418 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (5641.6 + 7360.2) / 42087.9) | / | (1 - (6297.4 + 6504.5) / 42895) |
| = | 0.69108 | / | 0.701553 |
| | = | 0.9851 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 7491.4 | / | 7195.7 |
| | = | 1.0411 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (2171.4 / (2171.4 + 6504.5)) | / | (2315.2 / (2315.2 + 7360.2)) |
| = | 0.25028 | / | 0.239287 |
| | = | 1.0459 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (1772.7 / 7491.4) | / | (1623.4 / 7195.7) |
| = | 0.236631 | / | 0.225607 |
| | = | 1.0489 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((16611.2 + 4332.8) / 42087.9) | / | ((14609.4 + 3921) / 42895) |
| = | 0.497625 | / | 0.431994 |
| | = | 1.1519 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (-4051.7 - -2853.1 | - | 2165.9) | / | 42087.9 |
| | = | -0.07994 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Liberty Global has a M-score of -2.85 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
Quick Browse
Personalize
Premium Gurus 
Create New Portfolio
Portfolio Contest
LBTYK has been successfully added to your