Union Pacific (Union Pacific) ROIC %

Union Pacific Annual Data
	Trend	Dec14	Dec15	Dec16	Dec17	Dec18	Dec19	Dec20	Dec21	Dec22	Dec23
ROIC %							11.13	9.96	11.62	11.92	10.77

Union Pacific Quarterly Data
	Mar19	Jun19	Sep19	Dec19	Mar20	Jun20	Sep20	Dec20	Mar21	Jun21	Sep21	Dec21	Mar22	Jun22	Sep22	Dec22	Mar23	Jun23	Sep23	Dec23
ROIC %																11.27	10.69	10.78	10.42	11.08

For the Railroads subindustry, Union Pacific's ROIC %, along with its competitors' market caps and ROIC % data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.

For the Transportation industry and Industrials sector, Union Pacific's ROIC % distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Union Pacific's ROIC % falls into.

Union Pacific ROIC % Calculation

Union Pacific's annualized Return on Invested Capital (ROIC %) for the fiscal year that ended in Dec. 2023 is calculated as:

where

Union Pacific's annualized Return on Invested Capital (ROIC %) for the quarter that ended in Dec. 2023 is calculated as:

where

Note: The Operating Income data used here is four times the quarterly (Dec. 2023) data.

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

Union Pacific  (NYSE:UNP) ROIC % Explanation

ROIC % measures how well a company generates cash flow relative to the capital it has invested in its business. It is also called ROC %. The reason book values of debt and equity are used is because the book values are the capital the company received when issuing the debt or receiving the equity investments.

There are four key components to this definition. The first is the use of operating income or EBIT rather than net income in the numerator. The second is the tax adjustment to this operating income or EBIT, computed as a hypothetical tax based on an effective or marginal tax rate. The third is the use of book values for invested capital, rather than market values. The final is the timing difference; the capital invested is from the end of the prior year whereas the operating income or EBIT is the current year's number.

Why is ROIC % important?

Because it costs money to raise capital. A firm that generates higher returns on investment than it costs the company to raise the capital needed for that investment is earning excess returns. A firm that expects to continue generating positive excess returns on new investments in the future will see its value increase as growth increases, whereas a firm that earns returns that do not match up to its cost of capital will destroy value as it grows.

As of today, Union Pacific's WACC % is 9.14%. Union Pacific's ROIC % is 10.74% (calculated using TTM income statement data). Union Pacific generates higher returns on investment than it costs the company to raise the capital needed for that investment. It is earning excess returns. A firm that expects to continue generating positive excess returns on new investments in the future will see its value increase as growth increases. Union Pacific earns returns that do not match up to its cost of capital. It will destroy value as it grows.

Be Aware

Like ROE % and ROA %, ROIC % is calculated with only 12 months of data. Fluctuations in the company's earnings or business cycles can affect the ratio drastically. It is important to look at the ratio from a long term perspective.

Union Pacific ROIC % Related Terms

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Union Pacific (Union Pacific) Business Description