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U-Haul Holding Co (U-Haul Holding Co) Beneish M-Score : -2.82 (As of Apr. 24, 2024)


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What is U-Haul Holding Co Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.82 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for U-Haul Holding Co's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

UHAL' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -2.99   Med: -2.72   Max: -2.53
Current: -2.82

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of U-Haul Holding Co was -2.53. The lowest was -2.99. And the median was -2.72.


U-Haul Holding Co Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for U-Haul Holding Co's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

U-Haul Holding Co Beneish M-Score Chart

U-Haul Holding Co Annual Data
Trend Mar14 Mar15 Mar16 Mar17 Mar18 Mar19 Mar20 Mar21 Mar22 Mar23
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.61 -2.76 -2.57 -2.61 -2.82

U-Haul Holding Co Quarterly Data
Mar19 Jun19 Sep19 Dec19 Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.75 -2.82 -2.72 -2.65 -2.82

Competitive Comparison of U-Haul Holding Co's Beneish M-Score

For the Rental & Leasing Services subindustry, U-Haul Holding Co's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


U-Haul Holding Co's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Business Services Industry

For the Business Services industry and Industrials sector, U-Haul Holding Co's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where U-Haul Holding Co's Beneish M-Score falls into.



U-Haul Holding Co Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of U-Haul Holding Co for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.8859+0.528 * 0.9922+0.404 * 0.9317+0.892 * 0.9734+0.115 * 1.0416
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1.118+4.679 * -0.036591-0.327 * 0.9681
=-2.82

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec23) TTM:Last Year (Dec22) TTM:
Total Receivables was $245 Mil.
Revenue was 1339.514 + 1649.86 + 1540.308 + 1188.651 = $5,718 Mil.
Gross Profit was 1157.528 + 1428.726 + 1317.362 + 1011.516 = $4,915 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $2,447 Mil.
Total Assets was $19,003 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $13,188 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $794 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $33 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $1,614 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $6,502 Mil.
Net Income was 99.224 + 273.508 + 256.838 + 35.935 = $666 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 29.085 + 37.898 + 46.23 + -206.358 = $-93 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 302.612 + 471.734 + 465.697 + 213.93 = $1,454 Mil.
Total Receivables was $284 Mil.
Revenue was 1375.336 + 1702.864 + 1597.84 + 1198.301 = $5,874 Mil.
Gross Profit was 1182.976 + 1465.386 + 1359.919 + 1001.33 = $5,010 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $3,186 Mil.
Total Assets was $18,116 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $11,485 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $722 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $30 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $1,729 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $6,264 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(244.696 / 5718.333) / (283.731 / 5874.341)
=0.042791 / 0.0483
=0.8859

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(5009.611 / 5874.341) / (4915.132 / 5718.333)
=0.852795 / 0.859539
=0.9922

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (2447.351 + 13188.025) / 19002.576) / (1 - (3186.056 + 11484.726) / 18116.328)
=0.177197 / 0.19019
=0.9317

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=5718.333 / 5874.341
=0.9734

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(721.95 / (721.95 + 11484.726)) / (793.94 / (793.94 + 13188.025))
=0.059144 / 0.056783
=1.0416

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(33.059 / 5718.333) / (30.379 / 5874.341)
=0.005781 / 0.005171
=1.118

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((6501.851 + 1614) / 19002.576) / ((6263.799 + 1728.834) / 18116.328)
=0.427092 / 0.441184
=0.9681

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(665.505 - -93.145 - 1453.973) / 19002.576
=-0.036591

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

U-Haul Holding Co has a M-score of -2.82 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


U-Haul Holding Co Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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U-Haul Holding Co (U-Haul Holding Co) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
Address
5555 Kietzke Lane, Suite 100, Reno, NV, USA, 89511
U-Haul Holding Co is an American moving truck, trailer, and self-storage rental company. The company also provides moving boxes, packing supplies, LPG (propane) refills, trailer hitch and wiring installation, storage container rentals, and other services. It has three reportable segments Moving and Storage, Property and Casualty Insurance, and Life Insurance. The majority of its revenue comes from the Moving and Storage segment.
Executives
Clarendon Strategies, Llc 10 percent owner 207 EAST CLARENDON AVENUE, PHOENIX AZ 85012
Edward J Shoen director, 10 percent owner, officer: President 2727 N CENTRAL AVE, PHOENIX AZ 85004
Mark V Shoen 10 percent owner 2727 N CENTRAL AVE, PHOENIX AZ 85004
Willow Grove Holdings Lp 10 percent owner 1250 E. MISSOURI AVE, PHOENIX AZ 85014
Foster Road Llc 10 percent owner 1250 E. MISSOURI AVE, PHOENIX AZ 85014
Karl A. Schmidt director 600 HERITAGE RD., DE PERE WI 54115
John P. Brogan director 2727 N CENTRAL AVE, PHOENIX AZ 85004
Carrie Martz other: Advisory Board Member 21335 N. 74TH WAY, SCOTTSDALE AZ 85225
De Respino Laurence J other: General Counsel 2721 N. CENTRAL, 11TH FLOOR, SOUTH TOWER, PHOENIX AZ 85004
Maria Lourdes Bell officer: Chief Accounting Officer 2727 N. CENTRAL AVE, PHOENIX AZ 85004
Matthew Braccia officer: Pres-Amerco Real Estate Co. 2727 N. CENTRAL AVE., PHOENIX AZ 85004
Thomas W Hayes other: Ind. Gov Committee Member C/O FREMONT GENERAL CORP, 2020 SANTA MONICA BLVD #600, SANTA MONICA CA 90404
Carlos Vizcarra officer: Pres-Amerco Real Estate Co 2727 N CENTRAL AVE, PHOENIX AZ 85004
Richard Jay Herrera director 21 BRILLIANT SKY DRIVE, SANTE FE NM 87508
David L Holmes 10 percent owner, other: Trustee 4040 S. WESTPOINT DR., RENO NV 89509