Becton Dickinson Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for Becton Dickinson's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
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Becton Dickinson Annual Data
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Trend |
Sep14 |
Sep15 |
Sep16 |
Sep17 |
Sep18 |
Sep19 |
Sep20 |
Sep21 |
Sep22 |
Sep23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.63 |
-2.58 |
-2.70 |
-2.56 |
-2.41 |
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Becton Dickinson Quarterly Data
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Mar19 |
Jun19 |
Sep19 |
Dec19 |
Mar20 |
Jun20 |
Sep20 |
Dec20 |
Mar21 |
Jun21 |
Sep21 |
Dec21 |
Mar22 |
Jun22 |
Sep22 |
Dec22 |
Mar23 |
Jun23 |
Sep23 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.46 |
-2.44 |
-2.45 |
-2.41 |
-2.60 |
Competitive Comparison
For the Medical Instruments & Supplies subindustry, Becton Dickinson's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Becton Dickinson Beneish M-Score Distribution
For the Medical Devices & Instruments industry and Healthcare sector, Becton Dickinson's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Becton Dickinson's Beneish M-Score falls into.
Becton Dickinson Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Becton Dickinson for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 0.955 | + | 0.528 * 1.0824 | + | 0.404 * 0.9839 | + | 0.892 * 1.0402 | + | 0.115 * 1.0361 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 0.9687 | + | 4.679 * -0.034166 | - | 0.327 * 1.0043 |
| = | -2.60 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Dec23) TTM: | Last Year (Dec22) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $2,267 Mil.
Revenue was 4706 + 5087 + 4878 + 4821 = $19,492 Mil.
Gross Profit was 2027 + 1701 + 2100 + 2235 = $8,063 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $8,156 Mil.
Total Assets was $52,274 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $6,647 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $2,282 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $4,746 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $7,540 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $14,094 Mil.
Net Income was 281 + 108 + 407 + 460 = $1,256 Mil.
Non Operating Income was -79 + -202 + -53 + -54 = $-388 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 841 + 1325 + 1080 + 184 = $3,430 Mil.
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Total Receivables was $2,282 Mil.
Revenue was 4586 + 4761 + 4641 + 4750 = $18,738 Mil.
Gross Profit was 2133 + 2077 + 2067 + 2113 = $8,390 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $8,175 Mil.
Total Assets was $53,129 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $6,247 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $2,250 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $4,710 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $7,625 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $14,268 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (2267 / 19492) | / | (2282 / 18738) |
| = | 0.116304 | / | 0.121785 |
| | = | 0.955 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (8390 / 18738) | / | (8063 / 19492) |
| = | 0.447753 | / | 0.413657 |
| | = | 1.0824 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (8156 + 6647) / 52274) | / | (1 - (8175 + 6247) / 53129) |
| = | 0.716819 | / | 0.728547 |
| | = | 0.9839 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 19492 | / | 18738 |
| | = | 1.0402 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (2250 / (2250 + 6247)) | / | (2282 / (2282 + 6647)) |
| = | 0.264799 | / | 0.255572 |
| | = | 1.0361 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (4746 / 19492) | / | (4710 / 18738) |
| = | 0.243485 | / | 0.251361 |
| | = | 0.9687 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((14094 + 7540) / 52274) | / | ((14268 + 7625) / 53129) |
| = | 0.413858 | / | 0.412073 |
| | = | 1.0043 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (1256 - -388 | - | 3430) | / | 52274 |
| | = | -0.034166 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Becton Dickinson has a M-score of -2.60 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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