Flaherty & Crumrine Prfdome Oppo (Flaherty & Crumrine Prfdome Oppo) Beneish M-Score

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Note: Financial institutions were excluded from the sample in Beneish paper when calculating Beneish M-Score. Thus, the prediction might not fit banks and insurance companies.

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Flaherty & Crumrine Prfdome Oppo's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

During the past 7 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Flaherty & Crumrine Prfdome Oppo was -1.92. The lowest was -2.24. And the median was -2.08.

Flaherty & Crumrine Prfdome Oppo Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Flaherty & Crumrine Prfdome Oppo for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

-4.84

0.92 * DSRI

0.528 * GMI

0.404 * AQI

0.892 * SGI

0.115 * DEPI

-4.84

0.92 *

0.528 *

0.404 *

0.892 *

0.115 *

0.172 * SGAI

4.679 * TATA

0.327 * LVGI

0.172 *

4.679 *

0.327 *

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Nov23) TTM:

Last Year (Nov22) TTM:

Total Receivables was $2.01 Mil.
Revenue was $2.21 Mil.
Gross Profit was $2.21 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $2.01 Mil.
Total Assets was $198.17 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $0.00 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $0.00 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $0.61 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $0.66 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $80.60 Mil.
Net Income was $1.58 Mil.
Gross Profit was $0.00 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was $7.63 Mil.

Total Receivables was $2.14 Mil.
Revenue was $-23.80 Mil.
Gross Profit was $-23.80 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $2.14 Mil.
Total Assets was $204.10 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $0.00 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $0.00 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $0.62 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $0.56 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $80.60 Mil.

1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI	=	(Receivables_t / Revenue_t)	/	(Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
	=	(2.006 / 2.211)	/	(2.142 / -23.8)
	=	0.907282	/
	=

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI	=	GrossMargin_t-1	/	GrossMargin_t
	=	(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)	/	(GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
	=	(-23.8 / -23.8)	/	(2.211 / 2.211)
	=		/	1
	=

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI	=	(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t)	/	(1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
	=	(1 - (2.006 + 0) / 198.165)	/	(1 - (2.142 + 0) / 204.102)
	=	0.989877	/	0.989505
	=

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI	=	Sales_t	/	Sales_t-1
	=	Revenue_t	/	Revenue_t-1
	=	2.211	/	-23.8
	=

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI	=	(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1))	/	(Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
	=	(0 / (0 + 0))	/	(0 / (0 + 0))
	=		/
	=

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI	=	(SGA_t / Sales_t)	/	(SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
	=	(0.609 / 2.211)	/	(0.624 / -23.8)
	=	0.275441	/
	=

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI	=	((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t)	/	((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
	=	((80.6 + 0.656) / 198.165)	/	((80.6 + 0.563) / 204.102)
	=	0.410042	/	0.397659
	=

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA	=	(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t	-	CashFlowsfromOperations_t)	/	TotalAssets_t
	=	(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t	-	CashFlowsfromOperations_t)	/	TotalAssets_t
	=	(1.58 - 0	-	7.63)	/	198.165
	=	-0.03053

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Flaherty & Crumrine Prfdome Oppo Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Flaherty & Crumrine Prfdome Oppo (Flaherty & Crumrine Prfdome Oppo) Business Description

Industry

GURUFOCUS.COM » STOCK LIST » Financial Services » Asset Management » Flaherty & Crumrine Prfd Income Oppo (NYSE:PFO) » Definitions » Beneish M-Score

Comparable Companies

Traded in Other Exchanges

N/A

Address

301 E. Colorado Boulevard, Suite 800, Pasadena, CA, USA, 91101

Website

https://www.preferredincome.com

Flaherty & Crumrine Prfd Income Oppo is the United States-based diversified, closed-end investment company. Its primary investment objective is to produce high current income consistent with the preservation of capital. The fund invests primarily in a diversified portfolio of preferred securities which includes traditional preferred stocks eligible for the inter-corporate dividends received a deduction and fully taxable preferred securities.

Executives

Karen Hanovice Hogan	director	301 EAST COLORADO BLVD, SUITE 720, PASADENA CA 91101
Chad Conwell	officer: VP & Asst. Compliance Officer	301 E. COLORADO BLVD., SUITE 720, PASADENA CA 91101
Robert M Ettinger	officer: President	301 E COLORADO BLVD STE 720, PASADENA CA 91101
Robert F Wulf	director	301 E. COLORADO BLVD., SUITE 720, PASADENA CA 91101
Bank Of America Corp /de/	10 percent owner	BANK OF AMERICA CORPORATE CENTER, 100 N TRYON ST, CHARLOTTE NC 28255
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc.	10 percent owner	4 WORLD FINANCIAL CENTER, NORTH TOWER, NEW YORK NY 10080
Banc Of America Securities Llc	10 percent owner	100 N TRYON ST., 25TH FLOOR, CHARLOTTE NC 28255
Donald F Crumrine	director, officer: Chairman of the Board	301 E COLORADO BLVD STE 720, PASADENA CA 91101
Christopher Douglas Ryan	officer: Vice President	310 EAST COLORADO BLVD, SUITE 720, PASADENA CA 91101
Martin Brody	director	C/O HMK ASSOCIATES, 30 COLUMBIA TURNPIKE, FLORHAM PARK NJ 07932
Laurie C Lodolo	officer: Asst CCO, Asst Treas, Asst Sec	301 E. COLORADO BOULEVARD, SUITE 720, PASADENA CA 91101
Robert E Chadwick	officer: Vice President	301 E COLORADO BLVD STE 720, PASADENA CA 91101
Peter C Stimes	officer: VP,CFO,Chf Acct Officer	301 E COLORADO BLVD STE 720, PASADENA CA 91101
David Gale	director	220 MONTGOMERY STREET, SUITE 426, SAN FRANCISCO CA 94104
Bradford S Stone	officer: Vice President, Asst Treasurer	47 MAPLE ST. SUITE 403, SUMMIT NJ 07901