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Boston Beer Co (Boston Beer Co) Beneish M-Score

: -3.09 (As of Today)
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The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -3.09 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Boston Beer Co's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

SAM' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -3.18   Med: -2.86   Max: 0.45
Current: -3.09

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Boston Beer Co was 0.45. The lowest was -3.18. And the median was -2.86.


Boston Beer Co Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Boston Beer Co's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Boston Beer Co Annual Data
Trend Dec14 Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Beneish M-Score
Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only 0.45 -2.33 -2.10 -3.17 -3.09

Boston Beer Co Quarterly Data
Mar19 Jun19 Sep19 Dec19 Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23
Beneish M-Score Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -3.17 -3.29 -2.86 -2.90 -3.09

Competitive Comparison

For the Beverages - Brewers subindustry, Boston Beer Co's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Boston Beer Co Beneish M-Score Distribution

For the Beverages - Alcoholic industry and Consumer Defensive sector, Boston Beer Co's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Boston Beer Co's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Boston Beer Co Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Boston Beer Co for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 1.0704+0.528 * 0.9718+0.404 * 0.8635+0.892 * 0.9609+0.115 * 0.8918
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1.0331+4.679 * -0.115854-0.327 * 1.033
=-3.09

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec23) TTM:Last Year (Dec22) TTM:
Total Receivables was $69 Mil.
Revenue was 393.722 + 601.599 + 603.304 + 410 = $2,009 Mil.
Gross Profit was 147.896 + 274.648 + 274.163 + 155.662 = $852 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $504 Mil.
Total Assets was $1,430 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $678 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $88 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $731 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $223 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $36 Mil.
Net Income was -18.124 + 45.295 + 58.035 + -8.956 = $76 Mil.
Non Operating Income was -1.751 + -19.239 + -1.654 + -0.586 = $-23 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 32.75 + 131.264 + 118.959 + -17.822 = $265 Mil.
Total Receivables was $67 Mil.
Revenue was 447.525 + 596.453 + 616.243 + 430.113 = $2,090 Mil.
Gross Profit was 165.513 + 257.746 + 265.775 + 172.952 = $862 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $423 Mil.
Total Assets was $1,421 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $712 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $81 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $736 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $204 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $45 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(68.708 / 2008.625) / (66.798 / 2090.334)
=0.034206 / 0.031956
=1.0704

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(861.986 / 2090.334) / (852.369 / 2008.625)
=0.412368 / 0.424354
=0.9718

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (503.51 + 678.068) / 1429.993) / (1 - (423.269 + 711.677) / 1420.773)
=0.173718 / 0.201177
=0.8635

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=2008.625 / 2090.334
=0.9609

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(81.356 / (81.356 + 711.677)) / (88.141 / (88.141 + 678.068))
=0.102588 / 0.115035
=0.8918

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(730.546 / 2008.625) / (735.934 / 2090.334)
=0.363705 / 0.352065
=1.0331

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((36.161 + 223.288) / 1429.993) / ((45.274 + 204.267) / 1420.773)
=0.181434 / 0.175637
=1.033

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(76.25 - -23.23 - 265.151) / 1429.993
=-0.115854

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Boston Beer Co has a M-score of -3.09 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Boston Beer Co Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Boston Beer Co (Boston Beer Co) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
Address
One Design Center Place, Suite 850, Boston, MA, USA, 02210
Boston Beer is a top player in high-end malt beverages and adjacent categories in the U.S., with strong positions in craft beer, flavored malt beverage, hard cider, and hard seltzer. The bulk of volume and revenue is concentrated in four brands, including Samuel Adams, Angry Orchard, Twisted Tea, and Truly Hard Seltzer. Beverages are produced using a hybrid model leveraging both in-house capacities and third-party breweries through contract arrangements. While the firm is required to use distributors to reach end markets including retailers and on-premises operators, it also employs 500 internal sales representatives to educate the market about its products. The firm generates over 95% of sales in the U.S.
Executives
Carolyn L. O'boyle officer: Chief People Officer THE BOSTON BEER COMPANY, INC., ONE DESIGN CENTER PL., STE. 850, BOSTON MA 02210
Diego Reynoso officer: CFO and Treasurer 7078 SHADY OAK ROAD, EDEN PRAIRIE MN 55344
Calagione Samuel A. Iii officer: Founder & Brewer, Dogfish Head THE BOSTON BEER COMPANY, INC., ONE DESIGN CENTER PL., STE. 850, BOSTON MA 02210
John C Geist officer: VP of Sales ONE DESIGN CENTER PLACE, SUITE 850, BOSTON MA 02210
Cynthia Swanson director 1529 OAK STREET, SARASOTA FL 34236
David A Burwick director 32 AUTUMN LANE, NEW CANAAN CT 06840
Philip A. Hodges officer: Chief Supply Chain Officer THE BOSTON BEER COMPANY, INC., ONE DESIGN CENTER PL., STE. 850, BOSTON MA 02210
Matthew Donal Murphy officer: CAO & Interim CFO THE BOSTON BEER COMPANY, ONE DESIGN CENTER PLACE, SUITE 850, BOSTON MA 02210
Annette N Fritsch officer: VP of Product Design and R&D THE BOSTON BEER COMPANY, INC., ONE DESIGN CENTER PLACE, SUITE 850, BOSTON 2J 02210
David L. Grinnell officer: Vice President of Brewing THE BOSTON BEER COMPANY, INC., ONE DESIGN CENTER PLACE, STE. 850, BOSTON MA 02170
Quincy B Troupe officer: Senior VP, Supply Chain C/O THE BOSTON BEER COMPANY, 1 DESIGN CENTER PLACE, SUITE 850, BOSTON MA 02210
C James Koch director, 10 percent owner, officer: Chairman C/O THE BOSTON BEER COMPANY, ONE DESIGN CENTER PLACE, SUITE 850, BOSTON MA 02210
Jean Michel Valette director 28 MAPLE AVE, KENTFIELD CT 06897
Cynthia A Fisher director 186 PARK STREET, NEWTON MA 02458
Tara L. Heath officer: Vice President, Legal THE BOSTON BEER COMPANY, INC., 1 DESIGN CENTER PL., STE. 850, BOSTON MA 02210