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Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing (Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing) Beneish M-Score

: -2.02 (As of Today)
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The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.02 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

HKXCF' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -2.86   Med: -2.28   Max: -1.99
Current: -2.02

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing was -1.99. The lowest was -2.86. And the median was -2.28.


Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Annual Data
Trend Dec14 Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.03 -2.03 -2.73 -2.86 -2.02

Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Quarterly Data
Mar19 Jun19 Sep19 Dec19 Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.86 - - - -2.02

Competitive Comparison

For the Financial Data & Stock Exchanges subindustry, Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Beneish M-Score Distribution

For the Capital Markets industry and Financial Services sector, Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 1.4406+0.528 * 1.0583+0.404 * 1.2844+0.892 * 0.9092+0.115 * 0.963
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1.1396+4.679 * 0.001061-0.327 * 0.9666
=-2.02

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec23) TTM:Last Year (Dec22) TTM:
Total Receivables was $4,266 Mil.
Revenue was $1,978 Mil.
Gross Profit was $1,468 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $40,488 Mil.
Total Assets was $43,686 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $387 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $185 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $57 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $36,686 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $171 Mil.
Net Income was $1,519 Mil.
Gross Profit was $0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was $1,473 Mil.
Total Receivables was $3,257 Mil.
Revenue was $2,175 Mil.
Gross Profit was $1,708 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $49,128 Mil.
Total Assets was $52,155 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $415 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $187 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $55 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $45,335 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $186 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(4265.538 / 1977.643) / (3256.609 / 2175.097)
=2.15688 / 1.497225
=1.4406

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(1708.069 / 2175.097) / (1467.515 / 1977.643)
=0.785284 / 0.742053
=1.0583

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (40487.849 + 386.822) / 43686.01) / (1 - (49127.598 + 414.622) / 52155.445)
=0.064353 / 0.050105
=1.2844

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=1977.643 / 2175.097
=0.9092

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(187.402 / (187.402 + 414.622)) / (184.768 / (184.768 + 386.822))
=0.311287 / 0.323253
=0.963

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(57.364 / 1977.643) / (55.36 / 2175.097)
=0.029006 / 0.025452
=1.1396

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((170.811 + 36686.087) / 43686.01) / ((185.989 + 45334.601) / 52155.445)
=0.843677 / 0.872787
=0.9666

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(1518.861 - 0 - 1472.509) / 43686.01
=0.001061

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing has a M-score of -2.02 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing (Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
Address
8 Connaught Place, 8th Floor, Two Exchange Square, Central, Hong Kong, HKG
Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing is a vertically integrated securities exchange business offering listing, data, trading, clearing and settlement services across equities, debt and derivatives. HKEx, like Hong Kong itself, functions as a gateway between China and the rest of the world. HKEx serves as a preferred listing venue for Chinese companies outside of China and, through the Connect Scheme, offers two-way trading for a growing group of financial products with the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.

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