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The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Good Sign:
Beneish M-Score -2.3 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
The historical rank and industry rank for Summit Materials's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:
During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Summit Materials was -1.79. The lowest was -3.00. And the median was -2.63.
The historical data trend for Summit Materials's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Summit Materials Annual Data | |||||||||||||||||||||
Trend | Dec14 | Dec15 | Dec16 | Dec17 | Dec18 | Dec19 | Dec20 | Dec21 | Dec22 | Dec23 | |||||||||||
Beneish M-Score | Get a 7-Day Free Trial | -2.53 | -2.83 | -2.65 | -2.77 | -2.85 |
Summit Materials Quarterly Data | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dec19 | Mar20 | Jun20 | Sep20 | Dec20 | Mar21 | Jun21 | Sep21 | Dec21 | Mar22 | Jun22 | Sep22 | Dec22 | Mar23 | Jun23 | Sep23 | Dec23 | Mar24 | Jun24 | Sep24 | |
Beneish M-Score | Get a 7-Day Free Trial | -2.73 | -2.85 | -1.98 | -2.30 | -2.30 |
For the Building Materials subindustry, Summit Materials's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
For the Building Materials industry and Basic Materials sector, Summit Materials's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Summit Materials's Beneish M-Score falls into.
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Summit Materials for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
= | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 0.9726 | + | 0.528 * 0.9767 | + | 0.404 * 0.8202 | + | 0.892 * 1.4949 | + | 0.115 * 1.2757 | |
- | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI | |||||||
- | 0.172 * 0.9698 | + | 4.679 * -0.043265 | - | 0.327 * 0.9422 | |||||||
= | -2.30 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
This Year (Sep24) TTM: | Last Year (Sep23) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $606 Mil. Revenue was 1171.137 + 1118.262 + 805.015 + 660.133 = $3,755 Mil. Gross Profit was 382.827 + 368.253 + 181.004 + 187.324 = $1,119 Mil. Total Current Assets was $1,715 Mil. Total Assets was $8,427 Mil. Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $4,376 Mil. Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $368 Mil. Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $291 Mil. Total Current Liabilities was $553 Mil. Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $2,852 Mil. Net Income was 105.178 + 106.075 + -66.866 + 2.978 = $147 Mil. Non Operating Income was -15.117 + 4.759 + -42.95 + 25.839 = $-27 Mil. Cash Flow from Operations was 232.796 + 151.649 + -40.245 + 195.236 = $539 Mil. |
Total Receivables was $417 Mil. Revenue was 794.797 + 729.15 + 435.388 + 552.274 = $2,512 Mil. Gross Profit was 251.638 + 236.747 + 81.351 + 161.618 = $731 Mil. Total Current Assets was $877 Mil. Total Assets was $4,365 Mil. Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $2,013 Mil. Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $221 Mil. Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $201 Mil. Total Current Liabilities was $349 Mil. Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $1,523 Mil. |
1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
= | (606.18 / 3754.547) | / | (416.914 / 2511.609) | |
= | 0.161452 | / | 0.165995 | |
= | 0.9726 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
= | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) | |
= | (731.354 / 2511.609) | / | (1119.408 / 3754.547) | |
= | 0.291189 | / | 0.298147 | |
= | 0.9767 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
= | (1 - (1715.395 + 4376.484) / 8427.186) | / | (1 - (877.203 + 2012.912) / 4364.964) | |
= | 0.277116 | / | 0.337883 | |
= | 0.8202 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
= | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 | |
= | 3754.547 | / | 2511.609 | |
= | 1.4949 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
= | (221.097 / (221.097 + 2012.912)) | / | (368.072 / (368.072 + 4376.484)) | |
= | 0.098969 | / | 0.077578 | |
= | 1.2757 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
= | (290.943 / 3754.547) | / | (200.694 / 2511.609) | |
= | 0.077491 | / | 0.079907 | |
= | 0.9698 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
= | ((2852.205 + 552.831) / 8427.186) | / | ((1522.907 + 348.88) / 4364.964) | |
= | 0.404054 | / | 0.428821 | |
= | 0.9422 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
= | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t | |
= | (147.365 - -27.469 | - | 539.436) | / | 8427.186 | |
= | -0.043265 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Summit Materials has a M-score of -2.30 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
Thank you for viewing the detailed overview of Summit Materials's Beneish M-Score provided by GuruFocus.com. Please click on the following links to see related term pages.
Craig Scott Anderson | officer: EVP & Chief Financial Officer | 1801 CALIFORNIA STREET, SUITE 3500, DENVER CO 80202 |
Christopher Burke Gaskill | officer: See Remarks | C/O SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC., 1550 WYNKOOP STREET, 3RD FLOOR, DENVER CO 08202 |
Kekin Ghelani | officer: Chief Strategy&Growth Officer | 1550 WYNKOOP, DENVER CO 80202 |
Anne K. Wade | director | C/O SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC., 1550 WYNKOOP STREET, 3RD FLOOR, DENVER CO 80202 |
John Raymond Murphy | director | 233 S PATTERSON AVE, SPRINGFIELD MO 65802 |
Anne P Noonan | director, officer: President & CEO | 25435 HARVARD RD, BEACHWOOD OH 44122 |
Tamla Oates-forney | director | 800 CAPITOL STREET 3000, HOUSTON TX 77002 |
Deon Macmillan | officer: See Remarks | C/O SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC., 1550 WYNKOOP STREET, 3RD FLOOR, DENVER CO 08202 |
Karli S. Anderson | officer: See Remarks | 1660 WYNKOOP STREET, SUITE 1000, DENVER CO 80202 |
Howard L Lance | director | C/O SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC., 1550 WYNKOOP STREET, 3RD FLOOR, DENVER CO 80202 |
Joseph S Cantie | director | C/O DELPHI AUTOMOTIVE, 5725 DELPHI DRIVE, TROY MI 48098 |
Anne Lee Benedict | officer: See Remarks | C/O SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC., 1550 WYNKOOP STREET, 3RD FLOOR, DENVER CO 80202 |
Brian James Harris | officer: EVP & Chief Financial Officer | C/O SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC., 1550 WYNKOOP STREET, 3RD FLOOR, DENVER CO 80202 |
Mikel Shane Evans | officer: See Remarks | C/O SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC., 1550 WYNKOOP STREET, 3RD FLOOR, DENVER CO 80202 |
Longleaf Partners Funds Trust | 10 percent owner | C/O SOUTHEASTERN ASSET MANAGEMENT, 6410 POPLAR AVE, SUITE 900, MEMPHIS TN 38119 |
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