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PNM Resources (PNM Resources) Earnings Power Value (EPV) : $-109.86 (As of Dec23)


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What is PNM Resources Earnings Power Value (EPV)?

As of Dec23, PNM Resources's earnings power value is $-109.86. *

* GuruFocus does not store EPV value into our database if Average Maintenance CAPEX is 0.

Margin of Safety is N/A.

The basic concept of EPV is that one should value a stock based on the current free cash flow of a company and not on future projections which may, or may not, come true. It is arguably a better way to analyze stocks than Discounted Cash Flow analysis that relies on highly speculative growth assumptions many years into the future. Assumption: Current profitability is sustainable.


PNM Resources Earnings Power Value (EPV) Historical Data

The historical data trend for PNM Resources's Earnings Power Value (EPV) can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

PNM Resources Earnings Power Value (EPV) Chart

PNM Resources Annual Data
Trend Dec14 Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Earnings Power Value (EPV)
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -86.39 -86.10 -93.28 -89.09 -109.86

PNM Resources Quarterly Data
Mar19 Jun19 Sep19 Dec19 Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23
Earnings Power Value (EPV) Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -89.09 -90.46 -102.25 -107.04 -109.86

Competitive Comparison of PNM Resources's Earnings Power Value (EPV)

For the Utilities - Regulated Electric subindustry, PNM Resources's Earnings Power Value (EPV), along with its competitors' market caps and Earnings Power Value (EPV) data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


PNM Resources's Earnings Power Value (EPV) Distribution in the Utilities - Regulated Industry

For the Utilities - Regulated industry and Utilities sector, PNM Resources's Earnings Power Value (EPV) distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where PNM Resources's Earnings Power Value (EPV) falls into.



PNM Resources Earnings Power Value (EPV) Calculation

Earnings Power Value also known as just Earnings Power is a valuation technique popularised by Bruce Greenwald, an authority on value investing at Columbia University. It is arguably a better way to analyze stocks than Discounted Cash Flow analysis that relies on highly speculative growth assumptions many years into the future.

The basic concept of EPV is that one should value a stock based on the current free cash flow of a company and not on future projections which may, or may not, come true. This valuation tool excludes the potential growth that a company may have so that needs to be looked at separately. Since future growth is excluded from the analysis, only the maintenance capital expenditures are subtracted from after-tax EBIT (earnings before interest and taxes) and growth capex is ignored.

PNM Resources's "Earning Power" Calculation:

Average of Last 20 Quarters Last Quarter
Revenue 1,790
DDA 326
Operating Margin % 17.15
SGA * 25% 57
Tax Rate % 15.06
Maintenance Capex 747
Cash and Cash Equivalents 2
Short-Term Debt 554
Long-Term Debt 4,409
Shares Outstanding (Diluted) 87

1. Start with "Earnings" not including accounting adjustments (one-time charges not excluded unless policy has changed). "Earnings" are "Operating Income.

2. Look at average margins over a business/Industry cycle: Average Operating Margin = 17.15%

To normalize margins and eliminate the effects on profitability of valuing the firm at different points in the business cycle, it is usually best to take a long-term average of operating margins. Ideally this would be as long as 10 years and include at least one economic downturn. However, since most of companies do not have as long as 10-year history, here GuruFocus uses the latest 5 years data to do the calculation. To smooth out unusual years but reflect recent developments, we take an average of the 5 year margin.

3. Multiply average margins by sustainable revenues and then adjust for maintenance SGA. This yields "normalized" EBIT:

To be conservative, GuruFocus uses an average of the 5 year revenues as the sustainable revenue.
EPV analysis recognises that part of SG&A expenditure is made to maintain and replace the existing assets, while part is made to grow sales. Since EPV is only interested in what it costs a going concern to maintain its existing asset base, it adds back a percentage of SG&A (between 15% and 50% - this is a matter of judgment and industry knowledge) to make up for the fact that some of this expenditure went to fund growth and shouldn't be accounted for. To start off, we assume 25% for the sake of prudence.
Sustainable Revenue = $1,790 Mil, Average Operating Margin = 17.15%, Average Adjusted SGA = 57,
therefore "Normalized" EBIT = Sustainable Revenue * Average Operating Margin + Average Adjusted SGA = 1,790 * 17.15% +57 = $363.501403632 Mil.

4. Multiply by one minus Average Tax Rate (NOPAT):

Same as average operating margin calculation, GuruFocus takes an average of the 5 years tax rates.
Average Tax Rate = 15.06%, and "Normalized" EBIT = $363.501403632 Mil,
therefore After-tax "Normalized" EBIT = "Normalized" EBIT * ( 1 - Average Tax Rate ) = 363.501403632 * ( 1 - 15.06% ) = $308.76536227309 Mil.

5. Add back Excess Depreciation (after tax at 1/2 average tax rate). This yields "normalized" Earnings:

Excess Depreciation = Average DDA * % of Excess Depreciation (after tax at 1/2 average tax rate) = 326 * 0.5 * 15.06% = $24.555999138 Mil.
"Normalized" Earnings = After-tax "Normalized" EBIT + Excess Depreciation = 308.76536227309 + 24.555999138 = $333.32136141109 Mil.

6. Adjusted for Maintenance Capital Expenditure:

First, calculate the revenue change regarding to the previous year. If the revenue decreased from the previous year, then the Maintenance Capital Expenditure = Capital Expenditure (positive).
Second, if the revenue increased from the previous year, then calculate the percentage of Net PPE as of corresponding Revenue.
Third, calculate Capital Expenditure (positive) - percentage of Net PPE as of corresponding Revenue * revenue increase.
If [Capital Expenditure (positive) - percentage of Net PPE as of corresponding Revenue * revenue increase] was negative, then the Maintenance Capital Expenditure = Capital Expenditure (positive).
If [Capital Expenditure (positive) - percentage of Net PPE as of corresponding Revenue * revenue increase] was positive, then the Maintenance Capital Expenditure = Capital Expenditure (positive) - percentage of Net PPE as of corresponding Revenue * revenue increase.
Fourth, GuruFocus uses an average of the 5 year maintenance capital expenditures as maintenance CAPEX.
PNM Resources's Average Maintenance CAPEX = $747 Mil *.
* GuruFocus does not store EPV value into our database if Average Maintenance CAPEX is 0.

7. Investors require a return of "WACC" for the risk they are taking: WACC = 9%

8. PNM Resources's current cash and cash equivalent = $2 Mil.
PNM Resources's current interest bearing debt = Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation + Short-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation = 4,409 + 554 = $4962.978 Mil.
PNM Resources's current Shares Outstanding (Diluted Average) = 87 Mil.

PNM Resources's Earnings Power Value (EPV) for Dec23 is calculated as:

EPV = ( ( Norm. Earnings-Maint. CAPEX *) / WACC + CashandEquiv - Int. Bearing Debt ) / Shares Outstanding (Diluted Average)
= ( ( 333.32136141109 - 747)/ 9%+2-4962.978 )/87
=-109.86

Margin of Safety (EPV)=( Earnings Power Value (EPV)-Current Price )/Earnings Power Value (EPV)
=( -109.85936139346-36.32 )/-109.85936139346
= N/A

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* GuruFocus does not store EPV value into our database if Average Maintenance CAPEX is 0.


PNM Resources  (NYSE:PNM) Earnings Power Value (EPV) Explanation

Assumption: Current profitability is sustainable.

Earnings power value (EPV) uses a very basic equation which assumes no growth, although it does rely on an assumption about the cost of capital as well as the fact that current earnings are sustainable. It also involves several adjustments to clean up the underlying Earnings figures.


Be Aware

Though using today's earnings in calculating Earnings Power Value, GuruFocus is normalizing these earnings to the business cycle. This eliminates the effects on profitability of valuing the firm at different points in the business cycle. This means that we are considering the average earnings over 5 years.


PNM Resources Earnings Power Value (EPV) Related Terms

Thank you for viewing the detailed overview of PNM Resources's Earnings Power Value (EPV) provided by GuruFocus.com. Please click on the following links to see related term pages.


PNM Resources (PNM Resources) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
Address
414 Silver Avenue SW, Albuquerque, NM, USA, 87102-3289
PNM Resources Inc, or PNMR, is a holding company that owns regulated utilities companies providing electricity and electric services. PNMR segments its operations by its two subsidiaries, PNM and TNMP. PNM provides electric generation, transmission, and distribution services mainly to areas of New Mexico. While PNM uses a variety of fuel sources across its power plant portfolio, its coal and gas-fueled sites produce most of the energy. TNMP owns and operates transmission and distribution services primarily in small to medium-sized communities in Texas. Both subsidiaries generate revenue for PNMR through the sale of electricity and transmission service fees fairly evenly split between residential and commercial customers. PNM generates the vast majority of PNMR's total revenue.
Executives
Elisabeth A Eden officer: SVP, CFO & Treasurer 414 SILVER AVE SW, MS1295, ALBUQUERQUE NM 87102
Henry E Monroy officer: VP & Corporate Controller 414 SILVER AVENUE SW, MS1015, ALBUQUERQUE NM 87102-3289
Charles N Eldred officer: Chief Financial Officer 414 SILVER AVE SW MS 1275, ALBUQUERQUE NM 87102-3289
Joseph Don Tarry officer: VP and Corporate Controller 414 SILVER AVE SW MS 1205, ALBUQUERQUE NM 87102-3289
Patrick V Apodaca officer: SR VP, GEN COUNSEL & SECY 414 SILVER AVE SW MS 1275, ALBUQUERQUE NM 87102-3289
Ronald N. Darnell officer: VICE PRESIDENT, REGULATORY AFF 414 SILVER AVE SW MS 1275, ALBUQUERQUE NM 87102-3289
Vicky A Bailey director 2099 PENNSYLVANIA AVNUE, NW, SUITE 1000, WASHINGTON DC 20006
James Alton Hughes director 350 W WASHINGTON STREET, SUITE 600, TEMPE AZ 85281
Norman P. Becker director 3900 SINGER BOULEVARD N.E., ALBUQUERQUE NM 87109
Chris M Olson officer: VP, Utility Operations 414 SILVER AVENUE SW, MS 1255, ALBUQUERQUE NM 87102-3289
Adelmo E Archuleta director 414 SILVER AVE SW MS 1275, ALBUQUERQUE NM 87102-3289
Ronald E Talbot officer: SR VP, CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER 414 SILVER AVE SW MS 1275, ALBUQUERQUE NM 87102-3289
Bruce W Wilkinson director 1333 WEST LOOP SOUTH, STE 1700, HOUSTON TX 77027
Sidney M. Gutierrez director 414 SILVER AVE SW, MS 1275, ALBUQUERQUE NM 87102-3289
Joan B Woodard director 414 SILVER AVE SW MS 1275, ALBUQUERQUE NM 87102-3289

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