Saul Centers Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for Saul Centers's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Saul Centers Beneish M-Score Chart
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Saul Centers Annual Data
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Trend |
Dec14 |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
Dec22 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.71 |
-2.36 |
-2.72 |
-2.71 |
-2.65 |
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Saul Centers Quarterly Data
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Mar19 |
Jun19 |
Sep19 |
Dec19 |
Mar20 |
Jun20 |
Sep20 |
Dec20 |
Mar21 |
Jun21 |
Sep21 |
Dec21 |
Mar22 |
Jun22 |
Sep22 |
Dec22 |
Mar23 |
Jun23 |
Sep23 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.71 |
-2.74 |
-2.73 |
-2.66 |
-2.65 |
Competitive Comparison of Saul Centers's Beneish M-Score
For the REIT - Retail subindustry, Saul Centers's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Saul Centers's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the REITs Industry
For the REITs industry and Real Estate sector, Saul Centers's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Saul Centers's Beneish M-Score falls into.
Saul Centers Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Saul Centers for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 0.9509 | + | 0.528 * 0.9981 | + | 0.404 * 1.0059 | + | 0.892 * 1.0462 | + | 0.115 * 1 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 1.0014 | + | 4.679 * -0.032615 | - | 0.327 * 1.0468 |
| = | -2.65 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Dec23) TTM: | Last Year (Dec22) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $56.0 Mil.
Revenue was 66.683 + 63.766 + 63.709 + 63.049 = $257.2 Mil.
Gross Profit was 49.635 + 46.405 + 47.259 + 46.769 = $190.1 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $64.4 Mil.
Total Assets was $1,994.1 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $0.0 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $48.4 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $23.5 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $354.7 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $1,112.3 Mil.
Net Income was 13.206 + 12.819 + 13.162 + 13.502 = $52.7 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = $0.0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 32.687 + 16.348 + 32.594 + 36.098 = $117.7 Mil.
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Total Receivables was $56.3 Mil.
Revenue was 62.336 + 61.087 + 60.293 + 62.144 = $245.9 Mil.
Gross Profit was 45.64 + 45.014 + 45.496 + 45.188 = $181.3 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $69.6 Mil.
Total Assets was $1,833.3 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $0.0 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $49.0 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $22.4 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $227.4 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $1,061.0 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (56.032 / 257.207) | / | (56.323 / 245.86) |
| = | 0.217848 | / | 0.229086 |
| | = | 0.9509 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (181.338 / 245.86) | / | (190.068 / 257.207) |
| = | 0.737566 | / | 0.738969 |
| | = | 0.9981 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (64.439 + 0) / 1994.137) | / | (1 - (69.602 + 0) / 1833.302) |
| = | 0.967686 | / | 0.962035 |
| | = | 1.0059 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 257.207 | / | 245.86 |
| | = | 1.0462 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (48.969 / (48.969 + 0)) | / | (48.43 / (48.43 + 0)) |
| = | 1 | / | 1 |
| | = | 1 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (23.459 / 257.207) | / | (22.392 / 245.86) |
| = | 0.091207 | / | 0.091076 |
| | = | 1.0014 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((1112.286 + 354.674) / 1994.137) | / | ((1060.959 + 227.372) / 1833.302) |
| = | 0.735637 | / | 0.702738 |
| | = | 1.0468 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (52.689 - 0 | - | 117.727) | / | 1994.137 |
| | = | -0.032615 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Saul Centers has a M-score of -2.65 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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