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SodaStream International (SodaStream International) Beneish M-Score : 0.00 (As of Apr. 26, 2024)


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What is SodaStream International Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for SodaStream International's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

During the past 10 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of SodaStream International was 0.00. The lowest was 0.00. And the median was 0.00.


SodaStream International Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for SodaStream International's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

SodaStream International Beneish M-Score Chart

SodaStream International Annual Data
Trend Dec08 Dec09 Dec10 Dec11 Dec12 Dec13 Dec14 Dec15 Dec16 Dec17
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -1.71 -2.96 -2.83 -2.61 -2.40

SodaStream International Quarterly Data
Sep13 Dec13 Mar14 Jun14 Sep14 Dec14 Mar15 Jun15 Sep15 Dec15 Mar16 Jun16 Sep16 Dec16 Mar17 Jun17 Sep17 Dec17 Mar18 Jun18
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.56 -2.49 -2.40 -1.92 -2.21

Competitive Comparison of SodaStream International's Beneish M-Score

For the Furnishings, Fixtures & Appliances subindustry, SodaStream International's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


SodaStream International's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Furnishings, Fixtures & Appliances Industry

For the Furnishings, Fixtures & Appliances industry and Consumer Cyclical sector, SodaStream International's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where SodaStream International's Beneish M-Score falls into.



SodaStream International Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of SodaStream International for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 1.1131+0.528 * 0.944+0.404 * 0.9884+0.892 * 1.2204+0.115 * 0.86
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1.0237+4.679 * -0.008095-0.327 * 1.0494
=-2.29

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Jun18) TTM:Last Year (Jun17) TTM:
Total Receivables was $155.6 Mil.
Revenue was 171.485 + 143.645 + 157.659 + 139.783 = $612.6 Mil.
Gross Profit was 101.634 + 79.261 + 84.875 + 74.848 = $340.6 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $455.6 Mil.
Total Assets was $687.3 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $171.7 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $24.9 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $234.7 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $122.9 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $0.0 Mil.
Net Income was 26.11 + 18.568 + 25.53 + 19.755 = $90.0 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = $0.0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 31.134 + 13.617 + 19.516 + 31.259 = $95.5 Mil.
Total Receivables was $114.6 Mil.
Revenue was 130.637 + 115.292 + 131.8 + 124.228 = $502.0 Mil.
Gross Profit was 69.419 + 60.717 + 68.998 + 64.339 = $263.5 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $323.0 Mil.
Total Assets was $538.0 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $167.5 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $20.5 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $187.9 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $91.7 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $0.0 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(155.642 / 612.572) / (114.581 / 501.957)
=0.25408 / 0.228269
=1.1131

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(263.473 / 501.957) / (340.618 / 612.572)
=0.524892 / 0.556046
=0.944

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (455.554 + 171.703) / 687.256) / (1 - (322.984 + 167.525) / 538.034)
=0.087302 / 0.088331
=0.9884

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=612.572 / 501.957
=1.2204

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(20.497 / (20.497 + 167.525)) / (24.926 / (24.926 + 171.703))
=0.109014 / 0.126767
=0.86

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(234.699 / 612.572) / (187.857 / 501.957)
=0.383137 / 0.374249
=1.0237

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((0 + 122.873) / 687.256) / ((0 + 91.663) / 538.034)
=0.178788 / 0.170367
=1.0494

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(89.963 - 0 - 95.526) / 687.256
=-0.008095

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

SodaStream International has a M-score of -2.29 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


SodaStream International Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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SodaStream International (SodaStream International) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
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SodaStream International Ltd manufactures and sells home beverage carbonation systems, which enable consumers to instantly transform tap water into carbonated soft drinks and sparkling water, and it offers sodas in more than 100 flavors. The group sells its products in retail stores around the world under the SodaStream and Soda-Club brands. The firm operates in the following four main geographical segments: The Americas; Western Europe; Asia-Pacific; and Central/Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa.