Syngenta AG Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for Syngenta AG's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Syngenta AG Beneish M-Score Chart
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Syngenta AG Annual Data
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Trend |
Dec09 |
Dec10 |
Dec11 |
Dec12 |
Dec13 |
Dec14 |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.47 |
-2.32 |
-2.56 |
-3.09 |
-2.40 |
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Syngenta AG Semi-Annual Data
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Jun09 |
Dec09 |
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Dec10 |
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Dec13 |
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Jun17 |
Dec17 |
Jun18 |
Dec18 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.56 |
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-3.09 |
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-2.40 |
Competitive Comparison of Syngenta AG's Beneish M-Score
For the Agricultural Inputs subindustry, Syngenta AG's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Syngenta AG's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Agriculture Industry
For the Agriculture industry and Basic Materials sector, Syngenta AG's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Syngenta AG's Beneish M-Score falls into.
Syngenta AG Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Syngenta AG for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 1.0065 | + | 0.528 * 1.0559 | + | 0.404 * 1.2212 | + | 0.892 * 1.0691 | + | 0.115 * 0.8119 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 0.6311 | + | 4.679 * 0.003341 | - | 0.327 * 1.5034 |
| = | -2.40 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Dec18) TTM: | Last Year (Dec17) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $4,398 Mil.
Revenue was $13,523 Mil.
Gross Profit was $6,235 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $11,744 Mil.
Total Assets was $21,250 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $3,362 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $677 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $3,020 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $7,955 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $7,415 Mil.
Net Income was $1,438 Mil.
Gross Profit was $0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was $1,367 Mil.
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Total Receivables was $4,087 Mil.
Revenue was $12,649 Mil.
Gross Profit was $6,158 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $12,059 Mil.
Total Assets was $20,333 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $3,460 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $545 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $4,476 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $6,718 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $3,064 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (4398 / 13523) | / | (4087 / 12649) |
| = | 0.325224 | / | 0.323109 |
| | = | 1.0065 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (6158 / 12649) | / | (6235 / 13523) |
| = | 0.486837 | / | 0.461066 |
| | = | 1.0559 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (11744 + 3362) / 21250) | / | (1 - (12059 + 3460) / 20333) |
| = | 0.289129 | / | 0.236758 |
| | = | 1.2212 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 13523 | / | 12649 |
| | = | 1.0691 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (545 / (545 + 3460)) | / | (677 / (677 + 3362)) |
| = | 0.13608 | / | 0.167616 |
| | = | 0.8119 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (3020 / 13523) | / | (4476 / 12649) |
| = | 0.223323 | / | 0.353862 |
| | = | 0.6311 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((7415 + 7955) / 21250) | / | ((3064 + 6718) / 20333) |
| = | 0.723294 | / | 0.48109 |
| | = | 1.5034 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (1438 - 0 | - | 1367) | / | 21250 |
| | = | 0.003341 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Syngenta AG has a M-score of -2.40 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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