Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
As of today (2024-05-25), the stock price of Life Technologies is €55.03. Life Technologies's graham number for the quarter that ended in Sep. 2013 was €N/A. Therefore, Life Technologies's Price to Graham Number ratio for today is N/A.
The historical rank and industry rank for Life Technologies's Graham Number or its related term are showing as below:
FRA:IVN's Price-to-Graham-Number is not ranked *
in the Medical Diagnostics & Research industry.
Industry Median: 1.97 * Ranked among companies with meaningful Price-to-Graham-Number only.
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
Life Technologies Graham Number Historical Data
The historical data trend for Life Technologies's Graham Number can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Competitive Comparison of Life Technologies's Graham Number
For the Diagnostics & Research subindustry, Life Technologies's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Life Technologies's Price-to-Graham-Number Distribution in the Medical Diagnostics & Research Industry
For the Medical Diagnostics & Research industry and Healthcare sector, Life Technologies's Price-to-Graham-Number distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Life Technologies's Price-to-Graham-Number falls into.
Life Technologies Graham Number Calculation
Graham Number is a concept based on Ben Graham's conservative valuation of companies.
Life Technologies's Graham Number for the fiscal year that ended in Dec. 2012 is calculated as
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Life Technologies (FRA:IVN) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Life Technologies's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Sep. 2013 )
=
55.03
/
N/A
=
N/A
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Life Technologies Graham Number Related Terms
Thank you for viewing the detailed overview of Life Technologies's Graham Number provided by GuruFocus.com. Please click on the following links to see related term pages.
Life Technologies Corp began operations as a California partnership in 1987 and incorporated in California in 1989. In 1997, the Company reincorporated as a Delaware corporation. On November 21, 2008, Invitrogen Corporation, a predecessor company to Life Technologies, completed the acquisition of Applied Biosystems, Inc. to form a new company called Life Technologies Corporation. The Company is a global life sciences company dedicated to improving the human condition. The Company's systems, consumables and services enable researchers and commercial markets to accelerate scientific exploration, to discoveries and developments that better the quality of life. The Company's products are also used in forensics, food and water testing and other industrial applications. The Company delivers a range of products and services, including systems, instruments, reagents, software, and custom services. Its growing portfolio of products includes innovative technologies for capillary electrophoresis-based sequencing, next generation sequencing, PCR, sample preparation, cell culture, RNA interference analysis, functional genomics research, proteomics and cell biology applications, as well as clinical diagnostic applications, forensics and animal, food, pharmaceutical and water testing analysis. The Company also provides its customers convenient and value-added purchasing options through thousands of sales and service professionals, e-commerce capabilities and onsite supply center solutions. The Company operates is business under three divisions: Molecular Biology Systems ('MBS'), Cell Systems ('CS'), and Genetic Systems ('GS'). The MBS division includes the molecular biology-based technologies, including basic and real-time PCR, RNAi, DNA synthesis, sample prep, transfection, cloning and protein expression profiling, protein analysis and thermo-cycler instrumentation. The CS division includes all product lines used in the study of cell function, including cell culture media and sera, stem cells and related tools, cellular imaging products, antibodies, drug discovery services and cell therapy related products. The GS division includes capillary electrophoresis systems and reagents and next generation sequencing systems and reagents, including the SOLiDTM and Ion TorrentTM systems, as well as reagent kits developed specifically for applied markets, such as forensics and food safety, animal health and pharmaceutical quality monitoring. The Company offers many different products and services and is continually developing and/or acquiring others. Some of its specific product categories include the following: 'High-throughput' gene cloning and expression technology; Pre-cast electrophoresis products; Antibodies; Magnetic beads; Molecular Probes fluorescence-based technologies; Transfection reagents; PCR and Real Time PCR systems and reagents; and RNA Interference reagents. The Company's manufacturing operations require a variety of raw materials, elec
Quick Browse
Personalize
Premium Gurus 
Create New Portfolio
Portfolio Contest
FRA:IVN has been successfully added to your 