As of today (2024-05-06), Alon USA Energy's weighted average cost of capital is 7.73%%. Alon USA Energy's ROIC % is 0.00% (calculated using TTM income statement data).
Alon USA Energy earns returns that do not match up to its cost of capital. It will destroy value as it grows.
*Note: The beta of this company cannot be obtained because it has a price history shorter than 3 years. It will thus be set to 1 as default to calculate WACC.
For a comprehensive WACC calculation, please access the WACC Calculator.
Alon USA Energy WACC % Historical Data
The historical data trend for Alon USA Energy's WACC % can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Competitive Comparison of Alon USA Energy's WACC %
For the Oil & Gas Refining & Marketing subindustry, Alon USA Energy's WACC %, along with its competitors' market caps and WACC % data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Alon USA Energy's WACC % Distribution in the Oil & Gas Industry
For the Oil & Gas industry and Energy sector, Alon USA Energy's WACC % distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Alon USA Energy's WACC % falls into.
Alon USA Energy WACC % Calculation
The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is the rate that a company is expected to pay on average to all its security holders to finance its assets. The WACC is commonly referred to as the firm's cost of capital. Generally speaking, a company's assets are financed by debt and equity. WACC is the average of the costs of these sources of financing, each of which is weighted by its respective use in the given situation. By taking a weighted average, we can see how much interest the company has to pay for every dollar it finances.
WACC
=
E
/
(E + D)
*
Cost of Equity
+
D
/
(E + D)
*
Cost of Debt
*
(1 - Tax Rate)
1. Weights:
Generally speaking, a company's assets are financed by debt and equity. We need to calculate the weight of equity and the weight of debt.
The market value of equity (E) is also called "Market Cap". As of today, Alon USA Energy's market capitalization (E) is $957.540 Mil.
The market value of debt is typically difficult to calculate, therefore, GuruFocus uses book value of debt (D) to do the calculation. It is simplified by adding the latest one-year quarterly average Short-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation and Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation together. As of Mar. 2017, Alon USA Energy's latest one-year quarterly average Book Value of Debt (D) is $540.2144 Mil.
a) weight of equity = E / (E + D) = 957.540 / (957.540 + 540.2144) = 0.6393
b) weight of debt = D / (E + D) = 540.2144 / (957.540 + 540.2144) = 0.3607
2. Cost of Equity:
GuruFocus uses Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to calculate the required rate of return. The formula is:
Cost of Equity = Risk-Free Rate of Return + Beta of Asset * (Expected Return of the Market - Risk-Free Rate of Return)
a) GuruFocus uses 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Rate as the risk-free rate. It is updated daily. The current risk-free rate is 4.489%. Please go to Economic Indicators page for more information. Please note that we use the 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Rate of the country/region where the company is headquartered. If the data for that country/region is not available, then we will use the 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Rate of the United States as default.
b) Beta is the sensitivity of the expected excess asset returns to the expected excess market returns. Alon USA Energy's beta cannot be obtained because it has a price history shorter than 3 years. It will thus be set to 1 as default to calculate WACC.
c) (Expected Return of the Market - Risk-Free Rate of Return) is also called market premium. GuruFocus requires market premium to be 6%.
Cost of Equity = 4.489% + 1 * 6% = 10.489%
3. Cost of Debt:
GuruFocus uses latest TTM Interest Expense divided by the latest one-year quarterly average debt to get the simplified cost of debt.
As of Mar. 2017, Alon USA Energy's interest expense (positive number) was $25.829 Mil. Its total Book Value of Debt (D) is $540.2144 Mil.
Cost of Debt = 25.829 / 540.2144 = 4.7812%.
4. Multiply by one minus TTM Tax Rate:
GuruFocus uses the most recent TTM Tax Expense divided by the most recent TTM Pre-Tax Income to calculate the tax rate. The calculated TTM tax rate is limited to between 0% and 100%. If the calculated tax rate is higher than 100%, it is set to 100%. If the calculated tax rate is less than 0%, it is set to 0%.
The latest calculated TTM Tax Rate = -22.985 / -56.484 = 40.69%.
Alon USA Energy's Weighted Average Cost Of Capital (WACC) for Today is calculated as:
WACC
=
E / (E + D)
*
Cost of Equity
+
D / (E + D)
*
Cost of Debt
*
(1 - Tax Rate)
=
0.6393
*
10.489%
+
0.3607
*
4.7812%
*
(1 - 40.69%)
=
7.73%
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Alon USA Energy (NYSE:ALJ) WACC % Explanation
Because it costs money to raise capital. A firm that generates higher ROIC % than it costs the company to raise the capital needed for that investment is earning excess returns. A firm that expects to continue generating positive excess returns on new investments in the future will see its value increase as growth increases, whereas a firm that earns returns that do not match up to its cost of capital will destroy value as it grows.
As of today, Alon USA Energy's weighted average cost of capital is 7.73%%. Alon USA Energy's ROIC % is 0.00% (calculated using TTM income statement data).
Alon USA Energy earns returns that do not match up to its cost of capital. It will destroy value as it grows.
*Note: The beta of this company cannot be obtained because it has a price history shorter than 3 years. It will thus be set to 1 as default to calculate WACC.
Be Aware
1. GuruFocus uses book value of debt (D) to do the calculation. It is simplified by adding latest one-year quarterly average Short-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation and Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation together.
For companies that report quarterly, GuruFocus combines all of the most recent year's quarterly debt data from the beginning of the year to the year-end and calculates the average.
For companies that report semi-annually, GuruFocus combines all of the most recent year's semi-annual debt data from the start of the year to the year-end and calculates the average.
For companies that report annually, GuruFocus combines the beginning and ending annual debt data from the most recent year and then calculates the average.
2. The WACC formula discussed above does not include Preferred Stock. Please adjust if preferred stock is considered.
3. (Expected Return of the Market - Risk-Free Rate of Return) is also called market premium. GuruFocus requires market premium to be 6%.
4. GuruFocus uses the latest TTM Interest Expense divided by the latest one-year quarterly average debt to get the simplified cost of debt.
Related Terms
Alon USA Energy (Alon USA Energy) Business Description
Alon USA Energy Inc Inc was incorporated under Delaware law in 2000. The company is an independent refiner and marketer of petroleum products, operates in South Central, Southwestern and Western regions of the United States. Its crude oil refineries are located in Texas, California and Louisiana and have a combined throughput capacity of approximately 214,000 barrels per day. It is also a marketer of asphalt, which it distributes through asphalt terminals located predominately in the Western United States. The company operates in three operating segments; refining and marketing, asphalt, and retail. Its refining and marketing segment includes sour and heavy crude oil refineries that are located in Big Spring, Texas; Paramount, Bakersfield and Long Beach, California; and a light sweet crude oil refinery located in Krotz Springs, Louisiana. It refines crude oil into petroleum products, including gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, petrochemicals, petrochemical feedstocks, asphalt, and other petroleum-based products, which are marketed in the South Central, Southwestern and Western United States. Its Asphalt segment owns or operates approximately 11 asphalt terminals located in Texas ( Big Spring), Washington (Richmond Beach), California (Paramount, Long Beach, Elk Grove, Mojave and Bakersfield), Arizona (Phoenix and Flagstaff) as well as asphalt terminals in which it owns 50% interest located in Fernley, Nevada, and Brownwood, Texas. Its Retail segment operates approximately 306 owned and leased convenience store sites located in Central and West Texas and New Mexico. It also owns 7-Eleven licensee in the United States and have the exclusive right to use the 7-Eleven trade name in substantially all of its existing retail markets and many surrounding areas. It competes in the asphalt market with various refineries including Valero, Tesoro, U.S. Oil, Western, San Joaquin Refining, Ergon and HollyFrontier as well as regional and national asphalt marketing companies that have little or no associated refining operations. The Company's operations is subject to extensive and frequently changing federal, state, regional and local laws, regulations and ordinances relating to the protection of the environment, including those governing emissions or discharges to the air, water, and land, the handling and disposal of solid and hazardous waste and the remediation of contamination.
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