Emergent BioSolutions Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for Emergent BioSolutions's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Emergent BioSolutions Beneish M-Score Chart
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Emergent BioSolutions Annual Data
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Trend |
Dec14 |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
Dec22 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.73 |
-2.91 |
-2.34 |
-2.99 |
-2.53 |
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Emergent BioSolutions Quarterly Data
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Mar19 |
Jun19 |
Sep19 |
Dec19 |
Mar20 |
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Sep20 |
Dec20 |
Mar21 |
Jun21 |
Sep21 |
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Mar22 |
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Sep22 |
Dec22 |
Mar23 |
Jun23 |
Sep23 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.99 |
-2.53 |
-1.39 |
-2.48 |
-2.53 |
Competitive Comparison of Emergent BioSolutions's Beneish M-Score
For the Drug Manufacturers - Specialty & Generic subindustry, Emergent BioSolutions's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Emergent BioSolutions's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Drug Manufacturers Industry
For the Drug Manufacturers industry and Healthcare sector, Emergent BioSolutions's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Emergent BioSolutions's Beneish M-Score falls into.
Emergent BioSolutions Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Emergent BioSolutions for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 1.2643 | + | 0.528 * 1.1569 | + | 0.404 * 1.1609 | + | 0.892 * 0.9489 | + | 0.115 * 0.6055 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 1.1357 | + | 4.679 * -0.05984 | - | 0.327 * 1.1366 |
| = | -2.53 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Dec23) TTM: | Last Year (Dec22) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $191 Mil.
Revenue was 269.9 + 264 + 331.3 + 158.6 = $1,024 Mil.
Gross Profit was 84.8 + 87.2 + 140.7 + 3.5 = $316 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $680 Mil.
Total Assets was $1,823 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $383 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $125 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $368 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $651 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $447 Mil.
Net Income was -49.5 + -263.4 + -261.3 + -183 = $-757 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 11 + -222.3 + -235.4 + 4.9 = $-442 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 32.1 + 60 + -114.4 + -184 = $-206 Mil.
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Total Receivables was $159 Mil.
Revenue was 323.1 + 222.5 + 235.4 + 297.9 = $1,079 Mil.
Gross Profit was 102.6 + 75.3 + 65.6 + 142 = $386 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $1,210 Mil.
Total Assets was $3,166 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $818 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $143 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $341 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $1,229 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $449 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (191 / 1023.8) | / | (159.2 / 1078.9) |
| = | 0.18656 | / | 0.147558 |
| | = | 1.2643 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (385.5 / 1078.9) | / | (316.2 / 1023.8) |
| = | 0.357308 | / | 0.308849 |
| | = | 1.1569 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (679.5 + 382.8) / 1823.2) | / | (1 - (1210.4 + 817.6) / 3166.3) |
| = | 0.417343 | / | 0.359505 |
| | = | 1.1609 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 1023.8 | / | 1078.9 |
| | = | 0.9489 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (143.3 / (143.3 + 817.6)) | / | (125.1 / (125.1 + 382.8)) |
| = | 0.149131 | / | 0.246308 |
| | = | 0.6055 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (367.6 / 1023.8) | / | (341.1 / 1078.9) |
| = | 0.359055 | / | 0.316155 |
| | = | 1.1357 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((446.5 + 651.3) / 1823.2) | / | ((448.5 + 1228.9) / 3166.3) |
| = | 0.602128 | / | 0.529767 |
| | = | 1.1366 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (-757.2 - -441.8 | - | -206.3) | / | 1823.2 |
| | = | -0.05984 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Emergent BioSolutions has a M-score of -2.53 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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