GSK Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for GSK's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
GSK Beneish M-Score Chart
|
GSK Annual Data
|
|
Trend |
Dec14 |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
Dec22 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
|
Get a 7-Day Free Trial
|
|
|
-2.44 |
-2.56 |
-2.56 |
-2.19 |
-2.60 |
|
GSK Quarterly Data
|
|
Mar19 |
Jun19 |
Sep19 |
Dec19 |
Mar20 |
Jun20 |
Sep20 |
Dec20 |
Mar21 |
Jun21 |
Sep21 |
Dec21 |
Mar22 |
Jun22 |
Sep22 |
Dec22 |
Mar23 |
Jun23 |
Sep23 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
Get a 7-Day Free Trial
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-2.19 |
-1.98 |
-1.29 |
-2.30 |
-2.60 |
Competitive Comparison of GSK's Beneish M-Score
For the Drug Manufacturers - General subindustry, GSK's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
GSK's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Drug Manufacturers Industry
For the Drug Manufacturers industry and Healthcare sector, GSK's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where GSK's Beneish M-Score falls into.
GSK Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of GSK for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 1.0053 | + | 0.528 * 0.9395 | + | 0.404 * 1.0415 | + | 0.892 * 1.0342 | + | 0.115 * 0.9744 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 1.0839 | + | 4.679 * -0.031184 | - | 0.327 * 0.928 |
| = | -2.60 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Dec23) TTM: | Last Year (Dec22) TTM: |
Total Receivables was £6,465 Mil.
Revenue was 8052 + 8147 + 7178 + 6951 = £30,328 Mil.
Gross Profit was 5634 + 5875 + 5246 + 5008 = £21,763 Mil.
Total Current Assets was £18,644 Mil.
Total Assets was £59,005 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was £9,957 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was £2,294 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was £9,385 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was £21,068 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was £15,205 Mil.
Net Income was 350 + 1464 + 1624 + 1490 = £4,928 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = £0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 3196 + 2212 + 1307 + 53 = £6,768 Mil.
|
Total Receivables was £6,218 Mil.
Revenue was 7376 + 7829 + 6929 + 7190 = £29,324 Mil.
Gross Profit was 5138 + 5406 + 4753 + 4473 = £19,770 Mil.
Total Current Assets was £20,769 Mil.
Total Assets was £60,146 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was £9,620 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was £2,147 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was £8,372 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was £22,810 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was £17,035 Mil.
|
1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (6465 / 30328) | / | (6218 / 29324) |
| = | 0.213169 | / | 0.212045 |
| | = | 1.0053 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (19770 / 29324) | / | (21763 / 30328) |
| = | 0.674192 | / | 0.717588 |
| | = | 0.9395 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (18644 + 9957) / 59005) | / | (1 - (20769 + 9620) / 60146) |
| = | 0.515278 | / | 0.494746 |
| | = | 1.0415 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 30328 | / | 29324 |
| | = | 1.0342 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (2147 / (2147 + 9620)) | / | (2294 / (2294 + 9957)) |
| = | 0.182459 | / | 0.18725 |
| | = | 0.9744 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (9385 / 30328) | / | (8372 / 29324) |
| = | 0.30945 | / | 0.2855 |
| | = | 1.0839 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((15205 + 21068) / 59005) | / | ((17035 + 22810) / 60146) |
| = | 0.614745 | / | 0.662471 |
| | = | 0.928 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (4928 - 0 | - | 6768) | / | 59005 |
| | = | -0.031184 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
GSK has a M-score of -2.60 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
Quick Browse
Personalize
Premium Gurus 
Create New Portfolio
Portfolio Contest
LSE:GSK has been successfully added to your