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Invacare (Invacare) Beneish M-Score : -2.75 (As of Apr. 26, 2024)


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What is Invacare Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.75 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Invacare's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

IVCRQ' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -2.95   Med: -2.68   Max: -2.17
Current: -2.75

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Invacare was -2.17. The lowest was -2.95. And the median was -2.68.


Invacare Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Invacare's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Invacare Beneish M-Score Chart

Invacare Annual Data
Trend Dec13 Dec14 Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.55 -2.73 -2.69 -2.57 -2.80

Invacare Quarterly Data
Jun18 Sep18 Dec18 Mar19 Jun19 Sep19 Dec19 Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.43 -2.87 -2.95 -2.80 -2.75

Competitive Comparison of Invacare's Beneish M-Score

For the Medical Instruments & Supplies subindustry, Invacare's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Invacare's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Medical Devices & Instruments Industry

For the Medical Devices & Instruments industry and Healthcare sector, Invacare's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Invacare's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Invacare Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Invacare for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.9119+0.528 * 1.0899+0.404 * 1.06+0.892 * 0.8051+0.115 * 1.0191
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1.168+4.679 * -0.031932-0.327 * 0.7409
=-2.75

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Mar23) TTM:Last Year (Mar22) TTM:
Total Receivables was $99.7 Mil.
Revenue was 165.481 + 181.32 + 170.408 + 189.017 = $706.2 Mil.
Gross Profit was 43.844 + 48.303 + 31.379 + 47.982 = $171.5 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $285.8 Mil.
Total Assets was $762.1 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $118.4 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $19.8 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $220.0 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $195.9 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $203.0 Mil.
Net Income was -41.177 + -20.577 + -34.354 + -21.943 = $-118.1 Mil.
Non Operating Income was -21.188 + -8.103 + -2.104 + -4.153 = $-35.5 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was -30.614 + -8.377 + -19.932 + 0.756 = $-58.2 Mil.
Total Receivables was $135.8 Mil.
Revenue was 200.988 + 226.191 + 224.2 + 225.864 = $877.2 Mil.
Gross Profit was 47.729 + 63.34 + 60.31 + 60.818 = $232.2 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $350.5 Mil.
Total Assets was $867.3 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $132.6 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $22.7 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $234.0 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $233.2 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $379.5 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(99.73 / 706.226) / (135.847 / 877.243)
=0.141215 / 0.154857
=0.9119

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(232.197 / 877.243) / (171.508 / 706.226)
=0.264689 / 0.242851
=1.0899

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (285.788 + 118.434) / 762.116) / (1 - (350.482 + 132.585) / 867.272)
=0.469606 / 0.443004
=1.06

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=706.226 / 877.243
=0.8051

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(22.698 / (22.698 + 132.585)) / (19.832 / (19.832 + 118.434))
=0.146172 / 0.143434
=1.0191

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(220.025 / 706.226) / (233.985 / 877.243)
=0.31155 / 0.266728
=1.168

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((203.005 + 195.896) / 762.116) / ((379.507 + 233.202) / 867.272)
=0.523412 / 0.706478
=0.7409

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(-118.051 - -35.548 - -58.167) / 762.116
=-0.031932

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Invacare has a M-score of -2.75 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Invacare Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Invacare (Invacare) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
N/A
Address
One Invacare Way, Elyria, OH, USA, 44035-4190
Invacare Corp makes and distributes medical equipment used in non-acute care settings. Its products are primarily sold to home medical equipment providers, residential living operators, distributors, and government health services. The firm sells products in three categories: mobility and seating, lifestyle, and respiratory therapy. Its mobility and seating products include power wheelchairs, custom manual wheelchairs, and positioning cushions. Its lifestyle products include manual wheelchairs, crutches, walkers, and homecare beds. Its respiratory products include stationary and portable oxygen concentrators and non-delivery oxygen technology. Invacare receives the largest proportion of revenue from sales in Europe.
Executives
Tenor Opportunity Master Fund, Ltd. 10 percent owner 810 SEVENTH AVENUE, SUITE 1905, NEW YORK NY 10019
Randel G Owen director C/O EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES CORP, 6200 SOUTH SYRACUSE WAY, GREENWOOD VILLAGE CO 80111
Kimberly Herman director 3 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 25, MELVILLE NY 11747
Marec Elden Edgar director 1420 KENSINGTON ROAD, SUITE 220, OAK BROOK IL 60523
Elliot Bossen 10 percent owner 3100 TOWER BLVD, UNIVERSITY TOWER STE 1104, DURHAM NC 27707
Silverback Asset Management Llc 10 percent owner 1414 RALEIGH ROAD, SUITE 250, CHAPEL HILL NC 27517
Peter J. Kuipers director 590 E. MIDDLEFEILD ROAD, MOUNTAIN VIEW CA 94043
Tenor Capital Management Co., L.p. 10 percent owner 810 SEVENTH AVENUE, SUITE 1905, NEW YORK NY 10019
Pm Manager Fund, Spc-segregated Portfolio 33 10 percent owner 190 ELGIN AVE, GEORGE TOWN, GRAND CAYMAN E9 KYI-9005
Dov Gertzulin 10 percent owner C/O DG CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLC, 460 PARK AVENUE, 22ND FLOOR, NEW YORK NY 10022
Dg Capital Management, Llc 10 percent owner 460 PARK AVENUE, 22ND FLOOR, NEW YORK NY 10022
Endurant Capital Management Lp 10 percent owner 66 BOVET ROAD, SUITE 353, SAN MATEO CA 94402
Abraham T Han director 51 MIDLAND AVENUE, WYCKOFF NJ 07481
Dg Value Partners Ii Master Fund, Lp 10 percent owner 460 PARK AVENUE, 22ND FLOOR, NEW YORK NY 10022
Quang Minh Pham 10 percent owner 66 BOVET ROAD, SUITE 353, SAN MATEO CA 94402

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