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Leaf Group (Leaf Group) Beneish M-Score : -2.56 (As of May. 11, 2024)


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What is Leaf Group Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.56 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Leaf Group's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

LEAF' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -5.38   Med: -3.49   Max: -2.56
Current: -2.56

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Leaf Group was -2.56. The lowest was -5.38. And the median was -3.49.


Leaf Group Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Leaf Group's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Leaf Group Beneish M-Score Chart

Leaf Group Annual Data
Trend Dec11 Dec12 Dec13 Dec14 Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -4.24 -3.20 -3.07 -3.67 -3.38

Leaf Group Quarterly Data
Jun16 Sep16 Dec16 Mar17 Jun17 Sep17 Dec17 Mar18 Jun18 Sep18 Dec18 Mar19 Jun19 Sep19 Dec19 Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -4.18 -4.47 -3.92 -3.38 -2.56

Competitive Comparison of Leaf Group's Beneish M-Score

For the Internet Content & Information subindustry, Leaf Group's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Leaf Group's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Interactive Media Industry

For the Interactive Media industry and Communication Services sector, Leaf Group's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Leaf Group's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Leaf Group Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Leaf Group for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.9735+0.528 * 1.2486+0.404 * 0.6263+0.892 * 1.5026+0.115 * 0.9701
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 0.6891+4.679 * -0.129322-0.327 * 0.7784
=-2.56

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Mar21) TTM:Last Year (Mar20) TTM:
Total Receivables was $14.1 Mil.
Revenue was 51.877 + 64.973 + 63.255 + 50.968 = $231.1 Mil.
Gross Profit was 17.138 + 19.212 + 21.034 + 16.593 = $74.0 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $69.8 Mil.
Total Assets was $124.7 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $24.2 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $9.6 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $67.0 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $42.4 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $8.2 Mil.
Net Income was -6.295 + -2.673 + 3.686 + 0.803 = $-4.5 Mil.
Non Operating Income was -0.005 + 0.036 + 5.537 + 3.837 = $9.4 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was -12.993 + 4.394 + 2.931 + 7.909 = $2.2 Mil.
Total Receivables was $9.6 Mil.
Revenue was 32.865 + 45.099 + 40.03 + 35.789 = $153.8 Mil.
Gross Profit was 11.439 + 18.535 + 16.702 + 14.798 = $61.5 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $24.3 Mil.
Total Assets was $82.8 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $25.9 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $9.9 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $64.7 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $33.0 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $10.1 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(14.061 / 231.073) / (9.613 / 153.783)
=0.060851 / 0.06251
=0.9735

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(61.474 / 153.783) / (73.977 / 231.073)
=0.399745 / 0.320146
=1.2486

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (69.807 + 24.159) / 124.689) / (1 - (24.303 + 25.899) / 82.765)
=0.246397 / 0.393439
=0.6263

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=231.073 / 153.783
=1.5026

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(9.882 / (9.882 + 25.899)) / (9.615 / (9.615 + 24.159))
=0.27618 / 0.284686
=0.9701

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(67.022 / 231.073) / (64.728 / 153.783)
=0.290047 / 0.420905
=0.6891

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((8.199 + 42.368) / 124.689) / ((10.112 + 33.009) / 82.765)
=0.405545 / 0.521005
=0.7784

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(-4.479 - 9.405 - 2.241) / 124.689
=-0.129322

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Leaf Group has a M-score of -2.56 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Leaf Group Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Leaf Group (Leaf Group) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
N/A
Address
1655 26th Street, Santa Monica, CA, USA, 90404
Leaf Group Ltd is a diversified consumer internet company that builds enduring, creator-driven brands that reach passionate audiences in large and growing lifestyle categories, including fitness and wellness and home, art and design. The company operates in three segments: Society6 Group, Saatchi Art Group, and Media Group. Society6 Group is made-to-order marketplace business and includes Society6.com and its wholesale channel. Saatchi Art Group which includes SaatchiArt.com and its complementary art fair event brand, The Other Art Fair which is online art gallery with a focus on emerging artists. Its Media Group segment consists of a diverse portfolio of media properties that educate and inform consumers on a broad range of topics.
Executives
Adam F. Wergeles officer: EVP, Gen Counsel & Secretary C/O REACHLOCAL, INC. 21700 OXNARD STREET, SUITE 1600 WOODLAND HILLS CA 91367
Sean P Moriarty director, officer: Chief Executive Officer C/O LEAF GROUP LTD., 1655 26TH STREET, SANTA MONICA CA 90404
Brian Gephart officer: Chief Financial Officer 1655 26TH STREET, SANTA MONICA CA 90404
Spectrum Equity Investors V L P 10 percent owner ONE INTERNATIONAL PLACE 29TH FL BOSTON MA 02110
Osmium Capital Ii, Lp other: May be member of 10% group 300 DRAKES LANDING ROAD, SUITE 172, GREENBRAE CA 94904
John Hartnett Lewis other: May be member of 10% group 388 MARKET STREET, SUITE 920, SAN FRANCISCO CA 94111
Osmium Spartan L P other: May be member of 10% group 300 DRAKES LANDING ROAD, SUITE 172, GREENBRAE CA 94904
Osmium Partners, Llc other: May be member of 10% group 300 DRAKES LANDING ROAD, SUITE 172, GREENBRAE CA 94904
Osmium Capital Lp other: May be member of 10% group 300 DRAKES LANDING ROAD, SUITE 172, GREENBRAE CA 94904
Sea V Management Llc 10 percent owner 333 MIDDLEFIELD ROAD SUITE 200 MENLO PARK CA 94025
Spectrum Equity Associates V Lp 10 percent owner 333 MIDDLEFIELD ROAD SUITE 200 MENLO PARK CA 94025
Spectrum V Investment Managers Fund Lp 10 percent owner 333 MIDDLEFIELD ROAD SUITE 200 MENLO PARK CA 94025
Osmium Diamond, Lp other: May be member of 10% group C/O OSMIUM PARTNERS, LLC, 300 DRAKES LANDING ROAD, SUITE 172, GREENBRAE CA 94904
Brian Pike officer: CTO & COO C/O LEAF GROUP LTD. 1655 26TH STREET SANTA MONICA CA 90404
Boyle Capital Management, L.l.c. other: May be member of 10% group 1230 OFFICE PLAZA DRIVE WEST DES MOINES IA 50266-2300