Valeritas Holdings Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for Valeritas Holdings's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Valeritas Holdings Beneish M-Score Chart
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Valeritas Holdings Annual Data
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Trend |
Dec14 |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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- |
- |
-4.64 |
-3.87 |
-2.12 |
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Valeritas Holdings Quarterly Data
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Dec14 |
Mar15 |
Jun15 |
Sep15 |
Dec15 |
Mar16 |
Jun16 |
Sep16 |
Dec16 |
Mar17 |
Jun17 |
Sep17 |
Dec17 |
Mar18 |
Jun18 |
Sep18 |
Dec18 |
Mar19 |
Jun19 |
Sep19 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.27 |
-2.12 |
-3.04 |
-2.99 |
-3.31 |
Competitive Comparison of Valeritas Holdings's Beneish M-Score
For the Medical Instruments & Supplies subindustry, Valeritas Holdings's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Valeritas Holdings's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Medical Devices & Instruments Industry
For the Medical Devices & Instruments industry and Healthcare sector, Valeritas Holdings's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Valeritas Holdings's Beneish M-Score falls into.
Valeritas Holdings Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Valeritas Holdings for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 0.9902 | + | 0.528 * 0.9589 | + | 0.404 * 0.745 | + | 0.892 * 1.1578 | + | 0.115 * 1.577 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 1.0851 | + | 4.679 * -0.214027 | - | 0.327 * 0.6674 |
| = | -3.31 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (6.42 / 29.274) | / | (5.6 / 25.285) |
| = | 0.219307 | / | 0.221475 |
| | = | 0.9902 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (11.778 / 25.285) | / | (14.22 / 29.274) |
| = | 0.46581 | / | 0.485755 |
| | = | 0.9589 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (39.612 + 9.06) / 49.232) | / | (1 - (37.961 + 6.026) / 44.669) |
| = | 0.011375 | / | 0.015268 |
| | = | 0.745 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 29.274 | / | 25.285 |
| | = | 1.1578 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (1.401 / (1.401 + 6.026)) | / | (1.231 / (1.231 + 9.06)) |
| = | 0.188636 | / | 0.119619 |
| | = | 1.577 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (57.306 / 29.274) | / | (45.616 / 25.285) |
| = | 1.957573 | / | 1.804074 |
| | = | 1.0851 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((19.191 + 19.017) / 49.232) | / | ((39.268 + 12.675) / 44.669) |
| = | 0.776081 | / | 1.162842 |
| | = | 0.6674 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (-53.811 - -0.008 | - | -43.266) | / | 49.232 |
| | = | -0.214027 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Valeritas Holdings has a M-score of -3.31 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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