As of today (2024-04-26), Lexmark International's weighted average cost of capital is 8.86%%. Lexmark International's ROIC % is 0.00% (calculated using TTM income statement data).
Lexmark International earns returns that do not match up to its cost of capital. It will destroy value as it grows.
*Note: The beta of this company cannot be obtained because it has a price history shorter than 3 years. It will thus be set to 1 as default to calculate WACC.
For a comprehensive WACC calculation, please access the WACC Calculator.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Competitive Comparison of Lexmark International's WACC %
For the Computer Hardware subindustry, Lexmark International's WACC %, along with its competitors' market caps and WACC % data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Lexmark International's WACC % Distribution in the Hardware Industry
For the Hardware industry and Technology sector, Lexmark International's WACC % distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Lexmark International's WACC % falls into.
Lexmark International WACC % Calculation
The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is the rate that a company is expected to pay on average to all its security holders to finance its assets. The WACC is commonly referred to as the firm's cost of capital. Generally speaking, a company's assets are financed by debt and equity. WACC is the average of the costs of these sources of financing, each of which is weighted by its respective use in the given situation. By taking a weighted average, we can see how much interest the company has to pay for every dollar it finances.
WACC
=
E
/
(E + D)
*
Cost of Equity
+
D
/
(E + D)
*
Cost of Debt
*
(1 - Tax Rate)
1. Weights:
Generally speaking, a company's assets are financed by debt and equity. We need to calculate the weight of equity and the weight of debt.
The market value of equity (E) is also called "Market Cap". As of today, Lexmark International's market capitalization (E) is $2547.260 Mil.
The market value of debt is typically difficult to calculate, therefore, GuruFocus uses book value of debt (D) to do the calculation. It is simplified by adding the latest one-year quarterly average Short-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation and Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation together. As of Sep. 2016, Lexmark International's latest one-year quarterly average Book Value of Debt (D) is $1032.04 Mil.
a) weight of equity = E / (E + D) = 2547.260 / (2547.260 + 1032.04) = 0.7117
b) weight of debt = D / (E + D) = 1032.04 / (2547.260 + 1032.04) = 0.2883
2. Cost of Equity:
GuruFocus uses Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to calculate the required rate of return. The formula is:
Cost of Equity = Risk-Free Rate of Return + Beta of Asset * (Expected Return of the Market - Risk-Free Rate of Return)
a) GuruFocus uses 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Rate as the risk-free rate. It is updated daily. The current risk-free rate is 4.669%. Please go to Economic Indicators page for more information. Please note that we use the 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Rate of the country/region where the company is headquartered. If the data for that country/region is not available, then we will use the 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Rate of the United States as default.
b) Beta is the sensitivity of the expected excess asset returns to the expected excess market returns. Lexmark International's beta cannot be obtained because it has a price history shorter than 3 years. It will thus be set to 1 as default to calculate WACC.
c) (Expected Return of the Market - Risk-Free Rate of Return) is also called market premium. GuruFocus requires market premium to be 6%.
Cost of Equity = 4.669% + 1 * 6% = 10.669%
3. Cost of Debt:
GuruFocus uses latest TTM Interest Expense divided by the latest one-year quarterly average debt to get the simplified cost of debt.
As of Sep. 2016, Lexmark International's interest expense (positive number) was $45.2 Mil. Its total Book Value of Debt (D) is $1032.04 Mil.
Cost of Debt = 45.2 / 1032.04 = 4.3797%.
4. Multiply by one minus TTM Tax Rate:
GuruFocus uses the most recent TTM Tax Expense divided by the most recent TTM Pre-Tax Income to calculate the tax rate. The calculated TTM tax rate is limited to between 0% and 100%. If the calculated tax rate is higher than 100%, it is set to 100%. If the calculated tax rate is less than 0%, it is set to 0%.
The latest calculated TTM Tax Rate = 16.7 / -50.5 = -33.07%, which is less than 0%. Therefore it's set to 0%.
Lexmark International's Weighted Average Cost Of Capital (WACC) for Today is calculated as:
WACC
=
E / (E + D)
*
Cost of Equity
+
D / (E + D)
*
Cost of Debt
*
(1 - Tax Rate)
=
0.7117
*
10.669%
+
0.2883
*
4.3797%
*
(1 - 0%)
=
8.86%
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Lexmark International (NYSE:LXK) WACC % Explanation
Because it costs money to raise capital. A firm that generates higher ROIC % than it costs the company to raise the capital needed for that investment is earning excess returns. A firm that expects to continue generating positive excess returns on new investments in the future will see its value increase as growth increases, whereas a firm that earns returns that do not match up to its cost of capital will destroy value as it grows.
As of today, Lexmark International's weighted average cost of capital is 8.86%%. Lexmark International's ROIC % is 0.00% (calculated using TTM income statement data).
Lexmark International earns returns that do not match up to its cost of capital. It will destroy value as it grows.
*Note: The beta of this company cannot be obtained because it has a price history shorter than 3 years. It will thus be set to 1 as default to calculate WACC.
Be Aware
1. GuruFocus uses book value of debt (D) to do the calculation. It is simplified by adding latest one-year quarterly average Short-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation and Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation together.
For companies that report quarterly, GuruFocus combines all of the most recent year's quarterly debt data from the beginning of the year to the year-end and calculates the average.
For companies that report semi-annually, GuruFocus combines all of the most recent year's semi-annual debt data from the start of the year to the year-end and calculates the average.
For companies that report annually, GuruFocus combines the beginning and ending annual debt data from the most recent year and then calculates the average.
2. The WACC formula discussed above does not include Preferred Stock. Please adjust if preferred stock is considered.
3. (Expected Return of the Market - Risk-Free Rate of Return) is also called market premium. GuruFocus requires market premium to be 6%.
4. GuruFocus uses the latest TTM Interest Expense divided by the latest one-year quarterly average debt to get the simplified cost of debt.
Related Terms
Lexmark International (Lexmark International) Business Description
Lexmark International Inc is a Delaware corporation, formed in July 1990. On November 15, 1995, it completed its initial public offering of Class A Common Stock. The Company is a developer, manufacturer and supplier of printing, imaging, device management, managed print services (MPS), document workflow and, more recently, business process and content management solutions. The Company operates in the office printing and imaging, enterprise content management (ECM), business process management (BPM), document output management (DOM), intelligent data capture and search software markets. Its products include laser printers and multifunction devices, dot matrix printers and the associated supplies/solutions/services, as well as ECM, BPM, DOM, intelligent data capture, search and web-based document imaging and workflow software solutions and services. It develops and ownsof the technology for its printing and imaging products and its software related to MPS and content and process management solutions. The Company is managed along two segments: Imaging Solutions and Services (ISS) and Perceptive Software. ISS offers a portfolio of monochrome and color laser printers and laser MFPs, as well as supplies, software applications, software solutions and MPS to help businesses efficiently capture, manage and access information. ISS laser products are core building blocks for enabling information on demand. They are designed to enable intelligent document capture in addition to delivering high-quality printed output on a variety of media types and sizes. When combined with document management and business process workflow software, from Perceptive Software, these products accelerate productivity by connecting people with the information they need. Its products include Monochrome Laser, Color Laser, Inkjet MFPs and AIOs, Dot Matrix Products, and MPS and Customer Support Services. Its competitors in this segment include Hewlett-Packard, Canon, Ricoh, Xerox, Brother, Konica Minolta, Kyocera, Okidata and Samsung. ISS operates manufacturing control centers in Lexington, Kentucky; Shenzhen, China; and Geneva, Switzerland; and has company-owned manufacturing sites in Boulder, Colorado and Juarez, Mexico. The Perceptive Software sgment offers a complete suite of ECM, BPM, DOM, intelligent data capture, search software and medical imaging VNA software products and solutions. Perceptive Software capture, content, search and BPM software products and solutions, enable users to capture, manage, and collaborate on important documents, information, and business processes, protect data integrity throughout its lifecycle and access precise content in the context of the users everyday business processes. These components are developed and maintained by Perceptive Software. Its solutions are Designed from Perceptive Softwares software platform, including the capture, content, process and search suites, Perceptive Software offers industry specific solutions of
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