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Upwork (Upwork) Piotroski F-Score : 6 (As of Apr. 26, 2024)


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What is Upwork Piotroski F-Score?

The zones of discrimination were as such:

Good or high score = 7, 8, 9
Bad or low score = 0, 1, 2, 3

Upwork has an F-score of 6 indicating the company's financial situation is typical for a stable company.

The historical rank and industry rank for Upwork's Piotroski F-Score or its related term are showing as below:

UPWK' s Piotroski F-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: 4   Med: 5   Max: 6
Current: 6

During the past 8 years, the highest Piotroski F-Score of Upwork was 6. The lowest was 4. And the median was 5.


Upwork Piotroski F-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Upwork's Piotroski F-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Upwork Piotroski F-Score Chart

Upwork Annual Data
Trend Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Piotroski F-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial 4.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 6.00

Upwork Quarterly Data
Mar19 Jun19 Sep19 Dec19 Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23
Piotroski F-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only 5.00 5.00 5.00 7.00 6.00

Competitive Comparison of Upwork's Piotroski F-Score

For the Internet Content & Information subindustry, Upwork's Piotroski F-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Piotroski F-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Upwork's Piotroski F-Score Distribution in the Interactive Media Industry

For the Interactive Media industry and Communication Services sector, Upwork's Piotroski F-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Upwork's Piotroski F-Score falls into.


How is the Piotroski F-Score calculated?

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec23) TTM:Last Year (Dec22) TTM:
Net Income was 17.167 + -3.991 + 16.337 + 17.374 = $46.9 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was -8.701 + 4.309 + 36.952 + -5.339 = $27.2 Mil.
Revenue was 160.858 + 168.611 + 175.733 + 183.934 = $689.1 Mil.
Gross Profit was 120.431 + 127.729 + 132.46 + 138.066 = $518.7 Mil.
Average Total Assets from the begining of this year (Dec22)
to the end of this year (Dec23) was
(1080.245 + 918.066 + 930.572 + 961.438 + 1037.541) / 5 = $985.5724 Mil.
Total Assets at the begining of this year (Dec22) was $1,080.2 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $362.2 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $883.4 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $293.0 Mil.
Net Income was -24.738 + -23.82 + -24.827 + -16.5 = $-89.9 Mil.

Revenue was 141.337 + 156.898 + 158.641 + 161.442 = $618.3 Mil.
Gross Profit was 103.421 + 116.041 + 118.171 + 120.283 = $457.9 Mil.
Average Total Assets from the begining of last year (Dec21)
to the end of last year (Dec22) was
(1081.061 + 1100.276 + 1094.014 + 1079.226 + 1080.245) / 5 = $1086.9644 Mil.
Total Assets at the begining of last year (Dec21) was $1,081.1 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $575.4 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $930.9 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $247.7 Mil.

*Note: If the latest quarterly/semi-annual/annual total assets data is 0, then we will use previous quarterly/semi-annual/annual data for all the items in the balance sheet.

Profitability

Question 1. Return on Assets (ROA)

Net income before extraordinary items for the year divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.

Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.

Upwork's current Net Income (TTM) was 46.9. ==> Positive ==> Score 1.

Question 2. Cash Flow Return on Assets (CFROA)

Net cash flow from operating activities (operating cash flow) divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.

Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.

Upwork's current Cash Flow from Operations (TTM) was 27.2. ==> Positive ==> Score 1.

Question 3. Change in Return on Assets

Compare this year's return on assets (1) to last year's return on assets.

Score 1 if it's higher, 0 if it's lower.

ROA (This Year)=Net Income/Total Assets (Dec22)
=46.887/1080.245
=0.04340404

ROA (Last Year)=Net Income/Total Assets (Dec21)
=-89.885/1081.061
=-0.08314517

Upwork's return on assets of this year was 0.04340404. Upwork's return on assets of last year was -0.08314517. ==> This year is higher. ==> Score 1.

Question 4. Quality of Earnings (Accrual)

Compare Cash flow return on assets (2) to return on assets (1)

Score 1 if CFROA > ROA, 0 if CFROA <= ROA.

Upwork's current Net Income (TTM) was 46.9. Upwork's current Cash Flow from Operations (TTM) was 27.2. ==> 27.2 <= 46.9 ==> CFROA <= ROA ==> Score 0.

Funding

Question 5. Change in Gearing or Leverage

Compare this year's gearing (long-term debt divided by average total assets) to last year's gearing.

Score 0 if this year's gearing is higher, 1 otherwise.

Gearing (This Year: Dec23)=Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation/Average Total Assets from Dec22 to Dec23
=362.175/985.5724
=0.36747681

Gearing (Last Year: Dec22)=Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation/Average Total Assets from Dec21 to Dec22
=575.438/1086.9644
=0.52939912

Upwork's gearing of this year was 0.36747681. Upwork's gearing of last year was 0.52939912. ==> This year is lower or equal to last year. ==> Score 1.

Question 6. Change in Working Capital (Liquidity)

Compare this year's current ratio (current assets divided by current liabilities) to last year's current ratio.

Score 1 if this year's current ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower

Current Ratio (This Year: Dec23)=Total Current Assets/Total Current Liabilities
=883.371/293.003
=3.01488722

Current Ratio (Last Year: Dec22)=Total Current Assets/Total Current Liabilities
=930.906/247.692
=3.75832082

Upwork's current ratio of this year was 3.01488722. Upwork's current ratio of last year was 3.75832082. ==> Last year's current ratio is higher ==> Score 0.

Question 7. Change in Shares in Issue

Compare the number of shares in issue this year, to the number in issue last year.

Score 0 if there is larger number of shares in issue this year, 1 otherwise.

Upwork's number of shares in issue this year was 143.5. Upwork's number of shares in issue last year was 131.824. ==> There is larger number of shares in issue this year. ==> Score 0.

Efficiency

Question 8. Change in Gross Margin

Compare this year's gross margin (Gross Profit divided by sales) to last year's.

Score 1 if this year's gross margin is higher, 0 if it's lower.

Gross Margin (This Year: TTM)=Gross Profit/Revenue
=518.686/689.136
=0.7526613

Gross Margin (Last Year: TTM)=Gross Profit/Revenue
=457.916/618.318
=0.74058332

Upwork's gross margin of this year was 0.7526613. Upwork's gross margin of last year was 0.74058332. ==> This year's gross margin is higher. ==> Score 1.

Question 9. Change in asset turnover

Compare this year's asset turnover (total sales for the year divided by total assets at the beginning of the year) to last year's asset turnover ratio.

Score 1 if this year's asset turnover ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower

Asset Turnover (This Year)=Revenue/Total Assets at the Beginning of This Year (Dec22)
=689.136/1080.245
=0.63794417

Asset Turnover (Last Year)=Revenue/Total Assets at the Beginning of Last Year (Dec21)
=618.318/1081.061
=0.57195477

Upwork's asset turnover of this year was 0.63794417. Upwork's asset turnover of last year was 0.57195477. ==> This year's asset turnover is higher. ==> Score 1.

Evaluation

Piotroski F-Score= Que. 1+ Que. 2+ Que. 3+Que. 4+Que. 5+Que. 6+Que. 7+Que. 8+Que. 9
=1+1+1+0+1+0+0+1+1
=6

Good or high score = 7, 8, 9
Bad or low score = 0, 1, 2, 3

Upwork has an F-score of 6 indicating the company's financial situation is typical for a stable company.

Upwork  (NAS:UPWK) Piotroski F-Score Explanation

The developer of the system is Joseph D. Piotroski is relatively unknown accounting professor who shuns publicity and rarely gives interviews.

He graduated from the University of Illinois with a B.S. in accounting in 1989, received an M.B.A. from Indiana University in 1994. Five years later, in 1999, after earning a Ph.D. in accounting from the University of Michigan, he became an associate professor of accounting at the University of Chicago.

In 2000, he wrote a research paper called "Value Investing: The Use of Historical Financial Statement Information to Separate Winners from Losers" (pdf).

He wanted to see if he can develop a system (using a simple nine-point scoring system) that can increase the returns of a strategy of investing in low price to book (referred to in the paper as high book to market) value companies.

What he found was something that exceeded his most optimistic expectations.

Buying only those companies that scored highest (8 or 9) on his nine-point scale, or F-Score as he called it, over the 20 year period from 1976 to 1996 led to an average out-performance over the market of 13.4%.

Even more impressive were the results of a strategy of investing in the highest F-Score companies (8 or 9) and shorting companies with the lowest F-Score (0 or 1).

Over the same period from 1976 to 1996 (20 years) this strategy led to an average yearly return of 23%, substantially outperforming the average S&P 500 index return of 15.83% over the same period.


Upwork Piotroski F-Score Related Terms

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Upwork (Upwork) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
Address
475 Brannan Street, Suite 430, San Francisco, CA, USA, 94107
Upwork Inc is a United States-based company that operates an online marketplace that enables businesses to find and work with highly-skilled independent professionals. The develops platform for hiring and freelancing purposes. Its products offering include Upwork Basic, Upwork Plus, Upwork Business, Upwork Enterprise, and Upwork Payroll. The business generates revenue from Talent and Clients across the USA, India, the Philippines and the rest of the world. Substantial income is derived from providing services to Clients.
Executives
Olivier Marie officer: Chief Accounting Officer C/O UPWORK, INC., 475 BRANNAN STREET SUITE 430, SAN FRANCISCO CA 94107
Hayden Brown director, officer: President & CEO C/O UPWORK INC., 441 LOGUE AVENUE, MOUNTAIN VIEW CA 94043
Gary Steele director C/O PROOFPOINT, INC., 892 ROSS DRIVE, SUNNYVALE CA 94089
Erica Gessert officer: Chief Financial Officer C/O UPWORK INC., 475 BRANNAN STREET, SUITE 430, SAN FRANCISCO CA 94107
Jeff Mccombs officer: Chief Financial Officer C/O UPWORK INC., 2625 AUGUSTINE DRIVE, SUITE 601, SANTA CLARA CA 95054
Eric Gilpin officer: Senior VP, Sales C/O UPWORK INC., 2625 AUGUSTINE DRIVE, SUITE 601, SANTA CLARA CA 95054
Leela Srinivasan director C/O UPWORK, INC., 441 LOGUE AVENUE, MOUNTAIN VIEW CA 94043
Kevin Harvey director 2480 SAND HILL ROAD, SUITE 200, MENLO PARK CA 94025
Thomas Layton director, other: Chairman C/O TICKETMASTER ONLINE CITYSEARCH INC, 790 E COLORADO BLVD STE 200, PASADENA CA 91101
Elizabeth A Nelson director MACROMEDIA/ 600 TOWNSEND ST, SAN FRANCISCO CA 94103
Anilu Vazquez-ubarri director C/O UPWORK INC., 2625 AUGUSTINE DRIVE, SUITE 601, SANTA CLARA CA 95054
Gregory C. Gretsch director C/O RESPONSYS, INC., 900 CHERRY AVENUE, 5TH FLOOR, SAN BRUNO CA 94066
Brian K Kinion officer: Chief Financial Officer C/O MARKETO INC., 901 MARINERS ISLAND BLVD., SUITE 500, SAN MATEO CA 94404
Stephane Kasriel director C/O UPWORK INC., 441 LOGUE AVENUE, MOUNTAIN VIEW CA 94043
Han-shen Yuan officer: SVP, Engineering C/O UPWORK INC., 441 LOGUE AVENUE, MOUNTAIN VIEW CA 94043