Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
As of today (2024-05-12), the stock price of Metall Zug is CHF1395.00. Metall Zug's graham number for the quarter that ended in Dec. 2023 was CHF1,059.77. Therefore, Metall Zug's Price to Graham Number ratio for today is 1.32.
The historical rank and industry rank for Metall Zug's Graham Number or its related term are showing as below:
CHIX:METNz'
s Price-to-Graham-Number Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: 0.67 Med: 0.97 Max: 2
Current: 1.29
During the past 13 years, the highest Price to Graham Number ratio of Metall Zug was 2.00. The lowest was 0.67. And the median was 0.97.
CHIX:METNz's Price-to-Graham-Number is ranked worse than 68.18% of 352
companies
in the Conglomerates industry
Industry Median: 0.87
vs CHIX:METNz: 1.29
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
Metall Zug Graham Number Historical Data
The historical data trend for Metall Zug's Graham Number can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Competitive Comparison of Metall Zug's Graham Number
For the Conglomerates subindustry, Metall Zug's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Metall Zug's Price-to-Graham-Number Distribution in the Conglomerates Industry
For the Conglomerates industry and Industrials sector, Metall Zug's Price-to-Graham-Number distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Metall Zug's Price-to-Graham-Number falls into.
Metall Zug Graham Number Calculation
Graham Number is a concept based on Ben Graham's conservative valuation of companies.
Metall Zug's Graham Number for the fiscal year that ended in Dec. 2023 is calculated as
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Metall Zug (CHIX:METNz) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Metall Zug's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Dec. 2023 )
=
1395.00
/
1,059.77
=
1.32
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Metall Zug Graham Number Related Terms
Thank you for viewing the detailed overview of Metall Zug's Graham Number provided by GuruFocus.com. Please click on the following links to see related term pages.
Metall Zug Ltd is engaged in the industrial sector. The company is organized, into five business segments namely; Wire Processing that provides wire processing equipment, test systems, software and services; Medical Devices that provides products and services for diagnosis and surgery, mainly in the fields of ophthalmology and surgical microscopy; Infection Control that provides Equipment for hospitals, as well as services and other products; Technologycluster & Infrastructure Management and development of real estate; and Others.
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