Entra ASA Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for Entra ASA's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Entra ASA Beneish M-Score Chart
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Entra ASA Annual Data
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Trend |
Dec14 |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
Dec22 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.94 |
-1.98 |
-2.01 |
-2.22 |
-2.24 |
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Entra ASA Quarterly Data
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Jun19 |
Sep19 |
Dec19 |
Mar20 |
Jun20 |
Sep20 |
Dec20 |
Mar21 |
Jun21 |
Sep21 |
Dec21 |
Mar22 |
Jun22 |
Sep22 |
Dec22 |
Mar23 |
Jun23 |
Sep23 |
Dec23 |
Mar24 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.89 |
-2.48 |
-2.24 |
-2.24 |
-1.93 |
Competitive Comparison of Entra ASA's Beneish M-Score
For the Real Estate Services subindustry, Entra ASA's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Entra ASA's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Real Estate Industry
For the Real Estate industry and Real Estate sector, Entra ASA's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Entra ASA's Beneish M-Score falls into.
Entra ASA Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Entra ASA for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 2.3061 | + | 0.528 * 0.9948 | + | 0.404 * 0.8975 | + | 0.892 * 1.0087 | + | 0.115 * 1 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 1.1373 | + | 4.679 * -0.109732 | - | 0.327 * 1.1151 |
| = | -1.89 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Mar24) TTM: | Last Year (Mar23) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $77.7 Mil.
Revenue was 81.982 + 79.72 + 82.427 + 83.083 = $327.2 Mil.
Gross Profit was 75.291 + 67.113 + 75.9 + 76.877 = $295.2 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $769.5 Mil.
Total Assets was $6,688.0 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $0.0 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $0.4 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $6.2 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $201.0 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $3,543.2 Mil.
Net Income was -91.028 + -243.9 + -142.941 + -119.762 = $-597.6 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = $0.0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 40.991 + 27.205 + 39.442 + 28.621 = $136.3 Mil.
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Total Receivables was $33.4 Mil.
Revenue was 76.811 + 86.032 + 78.557 + 82.993 = $324.4 Mil.
Gross Profit was 70.26 + 71.862 + 72.148 + 76.838 = $291.1 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $108.8 Mil.
Total Assets was $7,762.9 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $0.0 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $0.4 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $5.4 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $413.1 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $3,484.1 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (77.741 / 327.212) | / | (33.421 / 324.393) |
| = | 0.237586 | / | 0.103026 |
| | = | 2.3061 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (291.108 / 324.393) | / | (295.181 / 327.212) |
| = | 0.897393 | / | 0.902109 |
| | = | 0.9948 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (769.499 + 0) / 6688.026) | / | (1 - (108.808 + 0) / 7762.882) |
| = | 0.884944 | / | 0.985984 |
| | = | 0.8975 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 327.212 | / | 324.393 |
| | = | 1.0087 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (0.396 / (0.396 + 0)) | / | (0.375 / (0.375 + 0)) |
| = | 1 | / | 1 |
| | = | 1 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (6.246 / 327.212) | / | (5.445 / 324.393) |
| = | 0.019089 | / | 0.016785 |
| | = | 1.1373 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((3543.22 + 200.997) / 6688.026) | / | ((3484.139 + 413.11) / 7762.882) |
| = | 0.559839 | / | 0.502036 |
| | = | 1.1151 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (-597.631 - 0 | - | 136.259) | / | 6688.026 |
| | = | -0.109732 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Entra ASA has a M-score of -1.89 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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