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Noranda Aluminum Holding (FRA:NAF1) Beneish M-Score : -7.58 (As of May. 27, 2024)


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What is Noranda Aluminum Holding Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Noranda Aluminum Holding's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

FRA:NAF1' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -8.78   Med: -2.73   Max: -2.27
Current: -7.58

During the past 10 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Noranda Aluminum Holding was -2.27. The lowest was -8.78. And the median was -2.73.


Noranda Aluminum Holding Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Noranda Aluminum Holding's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Noranda Aluminum Holding Beneish M-Score Chart

Noranda Aluminum Holding Annual Data
Trend Dec06 Dec07 Dec08 Dec09 Dec10 Dec11 Dec12 Dec13 Dec14 Dec15
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.67 -2.27 -2.73 -2.54 -7.58

Noranda Aluminum Holding Quarterly Data
Mar11 Jun11 Sep11 Dec11 Mar12 Jun12 Sep12 Dec12 Mar13 Jun13 Sep13 Dec13 Mar14 Jun14 Sep14 Dec14 Mar15 Jun15 Sep15 Dec15
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.54 -2.99 -3.20 -3.74 -7.58

Competitive Comparison of Noranda Aluminum Holding's Beneish M-Score

For the Aluminum subindustry, Noranda Aluminum Holding's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Noranda Aluminum Holding's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Metals & Mining Industry

For the Metals & Mining industry and Basic Materials sector, Noranda Aluminum Holding's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Noranda Aluminum Holding's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Noranda Aluminum Holding Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Noranda Aluminum Holding for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.7909+0.528 * -5.5582+0.404 * 0.4725+0.892 * 1.0766+0.115 * 0.8982
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1.589+4.679 * -0.135663-0.327 * 1.2734
=-7.12

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec15) TTM:Last Year (Dec14) TTM:
Total Receivables was €75 Mil.
Revenue was 220.595 + 275.764 + 296.436 + 319.334 = €1,112 Mil.
Gross Profit was -29.651 + -23.611 + 8.197 + 31.046 = €-14 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €269 Mil.
Total Assets was €998 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €630 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €86 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €99 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €831 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €0 Mil.
Net Income was -51.775 + -156.014 + -22.631 + -2.495 = €-233 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 9.731 + -121.621 + -2.584 + 0.277 = €-114 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was -6.518 + -11.583 + 7.573 + 27.258 = €17 Mil.
Total Receivables was €88 Mil.
Revenue was 272.658 + 280.446 + 254.582 + 225.287 = €1,033 Mil.
Gross Profit was 30.25 + 20.098 + 15.088 + 6.941 = €72 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €281 Mil.
Total Assets was €1,069 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €564 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €68 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €58 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €166 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €532 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(75.001 / 1112.129) / (88.075 / 1032.973)
=0.067439 / 0.085264
=0.7909

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(72.377 / 1032.973) / (-14.019 / 1112.129)
=0.070067 / -0.012606
=-5.5582

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (269.249 + 630.391) / 998.417) / (1 - (281.498 + 563.645) / 1068.979)
=0.098934 / 0.209392
=0.4725

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=1112.129 / 1032.973
=1.0766

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(68.243 / (68.243 + 563.645)) / (86.16 / (86.16 + 630.391))
=0.107999 / 0.120243
=0.8982

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(99.148 / 1112.129) / (57.956 / 1032.973)
=0.089152 / 0.056106
=1.589

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((0 + 830.882) / 998.417) / ((532.34 + 166.255) / 1068.979)
=0.832199 / 0.653516
=1.2734

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(-232.915 - -114.197 - 16.73) / 998.417
=-0.135663

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Noranda Aluminum Holding has a M-score of -7.12 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Noranda Aluminum Holding Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Noranda Aluminum Holding (FRA:NAF1) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
N/A
Address
801 Crescent Centre Drive, Suite 600, Franklin, TN, USA, 37067
Noranda Aluminum Holding Corporation is an integrated producer of value-added primary aluminum products and rolled aluminum coils. The company's downstream business is one of the largest aluminum foil producers in North America. Its upstream business is a large producer of primary aluminum in the U.S.

Noranda Aluminum Holding (FRA:NAF1) Headlines

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