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Limoneira Co (Limoneira Co) Beneish M-Score : -2.13 (As of Apr. 26, 2024)


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What is Limoneira Co Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.13 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Limoneira Co's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

LMNR' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -3.23   Med: -2.52   Max: -0.03
Current: -2.13

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Limoneira Co was -0.03. The lowest was -3.23. And the median was -2.52.


Limoneira Co Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Limoneira Co's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Limoneira Co Beneish M-Score Chart

Limoneira Co Annual Data
Trend Oct14 Oct15 Oct16 Oct17 Oct18 Oct19 Oct20 Oct21 Oct22 Oct23
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -1.87 -0.03 -3.15 -3.03 -1.34

Limoneira Co Quarterly Data
Apr19 Jul19 Oct19 Jan20 Apr20 Jul20 Oct20 Jan21 Apr21 Jul21 Oct21 Jan22 Apr22 Jul22 Oct22 Jan23 Apr23 Jul23 Oct23 Jan24
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -3.02 -2.74 -1.63 -1.34 -2.13

Competitive Comparison of Limoneira Co's Beneish M-Score

For the Farm Products subindustry, Limoneira Co's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Limoneira Co's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Consumer Packaged Goods Industry

For the Consumer Packaged Goods industry and Consumer Defensive sector, Limoneira Co's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Limoneira Co's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Limoneira Co Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Limoneira Co for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.9737+0.528 * 1.7601+0.404 * 1.1041+0.892 * 0.9918+0.115 * 1.1069
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1.0093+4.679 * -0.005137-0.327 * 1.136
=-2.13

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Jan24) TTM:Last Year (Jan23) TTM:
Total Receivables was $21.1 Mil.
Revenue was 39.731 + 41.433 + 52.497 + 48.07 = $181.7 Mil.
Gross Profit was -0.565 + -2.792 + 4.618 + 8.872 = $10.1 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $28.6 Mil.
Total Assets was $299.6 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $160.2 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $8.2 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $24.5 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $31.0 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $53.4 Mil.
Net Income was -3.585 + -3.455 + -1.163 + -1.613 = $-9.8 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0.228 + 4.474 + -1.561 + -6.467 = $-3.3 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was -10.271 + -3.282 + 5.855 + 2.747 = $-5.0 Mil.
Total Receivables was $21.8 Mil.
Revenue was 37.901 + 39.658 + 58.923 + 46.75 = $183.2 Mil.
Gross Profit was -4.578 + -1.831 + 16.333 + 8.058 = $18.0 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $41.9 Mil.
Total Assets was $321.1 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $171.7 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $9.8 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $24.5 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $38.7 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $40.9 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(21.098 / 181.731) / (21.847 / 183.232)
=0.116095 / 0.119231
=0.9737

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(17.982 / 183.232) / (10.133 / 181.731)
=0.098138 / 0.055758
=1.7601

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (28.599 + 160.197) / 299.576) / (1 - (41.894 + 171.682) / 321.128)
=0.369789 / 0.334919
=1.1041

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=181.731 / 183.232
=0.9918

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(9.765 / (9.765 + 171.682)) / (8.187 / (8.187 + 160.197))
=0.053817 / 0.048621
=1.1069

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(24.52 / 181.731) / (24.496 / 183.232)
=0.134925 / 0.133688
=1.0093

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((53.444 + 30.953) / 299.576) / ((40.919 + 38.716) / 321.128)
=0.281721 / 0.247985
=1.136

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(-9.816 - -3.326 - -4.951) / 299.576
=-0.005137

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Limoneira Co has a M-score of -2.13 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Limoneira Co Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Limoneira Co (Limoneira Co) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
Address
1141 Cummings Road, Santa Paula, CA, USA, 93060
Limoneira Co is an agribusiness company. The company's operating segments include Fresh Lemons; Lemon Packing; Avocados and Other Agribusiness. It generates maximum revenue from the Fresh Lemons segment.
Executives
Harold S Edwards director, officer: President and CEO SIXTY ONE WILTON ROAD, SECOND FLOOR, WESTPORT CT 06880
Mark Palamountain officer: CFO, Treasurer & Secretary C/O LIMONEIRA COMPANY, 1141 CUMMINGS ROAD, SANTA PAULA CA 93060
Scott S Slater director 550 SOUTH HOPE STREET, SUITE 2850, LOS ANGELES CA 90071
Barbara Carbone director 120 BROADWAY, SUITE 200, SANTA MONICA CA 90401
Loza Jose De Jesus director C/O LIMONEIRA COMPANY, 1141 CUMMINGS ROAD, SANTA PAULA CA 93060
Alex M Teague officer: Senior Vice President 1141 CUMMINGS ROAD, SANTA PAULA CA 93060
Donald R Rudkin director C/O VIRCO MFG. CORPORATION, 2027 HARPERS WAY, TORRANCE CA 90501
Elizabeth Mora director C/O MKS INSTRUMENTS, INC., 2 TECH DRIVE, SUITE 201, ANDOVER MA 01810
Merriman John W.h. director 1141 CUMMINGS ROAD, SANTA PAULA CA 93060
Elizabeth Blanchard Chess director C/O LIMONEIRA COMPANY, 1141 CUMMINGS ROAD, SANTA PAULA CA 93060
Robert M Sawyer director 1141 CUMMINGS ROAD, SANTA PAULA CA 93060
Amy Fukutomi director, officer: See Remarks C/O LIMONEIRA COMPANY, 1141 CUMMINGS ROAD, SANTA PAULA CA 93060
Edgar A. Terry director C/O LIMONEIRA COMPANY, 1141 CUMMINGS ROAD, SANTA PAULA CA 93060
Gordon E Kimball director, officer: Chairman 1141 CUMMINGS ROAD, SANTA PAULA CA 93060
Ronald L Michaelis director 1141 CUMMINGS ROAD, SANTA PAULA CA 93060