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Koskisen (OHEL:KOSKI) Beneish M-Score : -2.30 (As of Jun. 05, 2024)


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What is Koskisen Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.3 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Koskisen's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

OHEL:KOSKI' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -2.83   Med: -2.48   Max: -2.3
Current: -2.3

During the past 5 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Koskisen was -2.30. The lowest was -2.83. And the median was -2.48.


Koskisen Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Koskisen's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Koskisen Beneish M-Score Chart

Koskisen Annual Data
Trend Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Beneish M-Score
- - -2.83 -2.48 -2.30

Koskisen Quarterly Data
Dec20 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23 Mar24
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only - - - -2.30 -

Competitive Comparison of Koskisen's Beneish M-Score

For the Lumber & Wood Production subindustry, Koskisen's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Koskisen's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Forest Products Industry

For the Forest Products industry and Basic Materials sector, Koskisen's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Koskisen's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Koskisen Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Koskisen for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 1.0929+0.528 * 1.1399+0.404 * 1.0213+0.892 * 0.854+0.115 * 1.1545
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 0.9358+4.679 * 0.019665-0.327 * 0.9363
=-2.30

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec23) TTM:Last Year (Dec22) TTM:
Total Receivables was €28.0 Mil.
Revenue was €271.3 Mil.
Gross Profit was €116.3 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €139.6 Mil.
Total Assets was €269.2 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €123.7 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €8.6 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €26.7 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €57.8 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €55.2 Mil.
Net Income was €20.2 Mil.
Gross Profit was €0.0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was €14.9 Mil.
Total Receivables was €30.0 Mil.
Revenue was €317.7 Mil.
Gross Profit was €155.2 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €154.0 Mil.
Total Assets was €258.6 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €99.0 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €8.0 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €33.3 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €66.5 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €49.4 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(27.972 / 271.275) / (29.971 / 317.651)
=0.103113 / 0.094352
=1.0929

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(155.228 / 317.651) / (116.298 / 271.275)
=0.488675 / 0.428709
=1.1399

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (139.571 + 123.668) / 269.205) / (1 - (154.022 + 98.978) / 258.612)
=0.022162 / 0.0217
=1.0213

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=271.275 / 317.651
=0.854

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(8.006 / (8.006 + 98.978)) / (8.572 / (8.572 + 123.668))
=0.074834 / 0.064822
=1.1545

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(26.651 / 271.275) / (33.347 / 317.651)
=0.098243 / 0.10498
=0.9358

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((55.167 + 57.838) / 269.205) / ((49.444 + 66.501) / 258.612)
=0.419773 / 0.448336
=0.9363

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(20.23 - 0 - 14.936) / 269.205
=0.019665

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Koskisen has a M-score of -2.30 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Koskisen Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Koskisen (OHEL:KOSKI) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
Address
Tehdastie 2, Järvelä, FIN, 16600
Koskisen Corp is a family-owned wood-processing company. It has two business segments namely Sawn Timber Industry and Panel Industry. The Sawn Timber Industry business segment produces sawn and further-processed timber and the Panel Industry business segment produces plywood, thin plywood, veneers, chipboards and interior solutions for light and heavy commercial vehicles under the Kore brand.

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