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Asia Pacific Breweries Limited (SGX:A46) Beneish M-Score : 0.00 (As of May. 25, 2024)


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What is Asia Pacific Breweries Limited Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Asia Pacific Breweries Limited's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

During the past 11 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Asia Pacific Breweries Limited was 0.00. The lowest was -2.69. And the median was -2.49.


Asia Pacific Breweries Limited Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Asia Pacific Breweries Limited's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Asia Pacific Breweries Limited Beneish M-Score Chart

Asia Pacific Breweries Limited Annual Data
Trend Sep03 Sep04 Sep05 Sep06 Sep07 Sep08 Sep09 Sep10 Sep11 Sep12
Beneish M-Score
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Asia Pacific Breweries Limited Quarterly Data
Sep09 Dec09 Mar10 Jun10 Sep10 Dec10 Mar11 Jun11 Sep11 Dec11 Mar12 Jun12 Sep12
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Competitive Comparison of Asia Pacific Breweries Limited's Beneish M-Score

For the Beverages - Brewers subindustry, Asia Pacific Breweries Limited's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Asia Pacific Breweries Limited's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Beverages - Alcoholic Industry

For the Beverages - Alcoholic industry and Consumer Defensive sector, Asia Pacific Breweries Limited's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Asia Pacific Breweries Limited's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Asia Pacific Breweries Limited Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Asia Pacific Breweries Limited for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 1+0.528 * 0.9882+0.404 * 0.9262+0.892 * 1.1264+0.115 * 1
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 0.8904+4.679 * -0.030563-0.327 * 0.9936
=-2.53

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Sep12) TTM:Last Year (Sep11) TTM:
Total Receivables was S$0 Mil.
Revenue was 801.231 + 781.331 + 773.421 + 994.296 = S$3,350 Mil.
Gross Profit was 336.573 + 313.952 + 330.893 + 422.429 = S$1,404 Mil.
Total Current Assets was S$907 Mil.
Total Assets was S$2,611 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was S$798 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was S$0 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was S$663 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was S$680 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was S$367 Mil.
Net Income was 88.116 + 122.997 + 94.223 + 202.341 = S$508 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = S$0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 103.577 + 139.913 + 158.235 + 185.738 = S$587 Mil.
Total Receivables was S$0 Mil.
Revenue was 733.219 + 712.107 + 671.987 + 856.936 = S$2,974 Mil.
Gross Profit was 304.587 + 289.647 + 273.797 + 363.544 = S$1,232 Mil.
Total Current Assets was S$873 Mil.
Total Assets was S$2,552 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was S$723 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was S$0 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was S$661 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was S$675 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was S$355 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(0 / 3350.279) / (0 / 2974.249)
=0 / 0
=1

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(1231.575 / 2974.249) / (1403.847 / 3350.279)
=0.414079 / 0.419024
=0.9882

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (906.921 + 798.16) / 2610.575) / (1 - (873.442 + 722.573) / 2551.598)
=0.346856 / 0.374504
=0.9262

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=3350.279 / 2974.249
=1.1264

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(0 / (0 + 722.573)) / (0 / (0 + 798.16))
=0 / 0
=1

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(662.795 / 3350.279) / (660.819 / 2974.249)
=0.197833 / 0.22218
=0.8904

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((366.738 + 679.846) / 2610.575) / ((354.861 + 674.669) / 2551.598)
=0.400902 / 0.403484
=0.9936

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(507.677 - 0 - 587.463) / 2610.575
=-0.030563

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Asia Pacific Breweries Limited has a M-score of -2.53 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Asia Pacific Breweries Limited Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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