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Dr. Charlie Tian is the founder and CEO of GuruFocus.com, a leading global investment research platform established in 2004. With a Ph.D. in physics, Dr. Tian transitioned from science to finance, applying a data-driven, disciplined approach to value investing.
The developer of the system is Joseph D. Piotroski is relatively unknown accounting professor who shuns publicity and rarely gives interviews.
He graduated from the University of Illinois with a B.S. in accounting in 1989, received an M.B.A. from Indiana University in 1994. Five years later, in 1999, after earning a Ph.D. in accounting from the University of Michigan, he became an associate professor of accounting at the University of Chicago.
He wanted to see if he can develop a system (using a simple nine-point scoring system) that can increase the returns of a strategy of investing in low price to book (referred to in the paper as high book to market) value companies.
What he found was something that exceeded his most optimistic expectations.
Buying only those companies that scored highest (8 or 9) on his nine-point scale, or F-Score as he called it, over the 20 year period from 1976 to 1996 led to an average out-performance over the market of 13.4%.
Even more impressive were the results of a strategy of investing in the highest F-Score companies (8 or 9) and shorting companies with the lowest F-Score (0 or 1).
Over the same period from 1976 to 1996 (20 years) this strategy led to an average yearly return of 23%, substantially outperforming the average S&P 500 index return of 15.83% over the same period.
Corporate Travel Management Piotroski F-Score Related Terms
Corporate Travel Management Piotroski F-Score Historical Data
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
ASX:CTD vs TRIP, PRSU, LIND: Piotroski F-Score Comparison
For the Travel Services subindustry, Corporate Travel Management's Piotroski F-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Piotroski F-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Corporate Travel Management Piotroski F-Score vs Travel & Leisure Industry
For the Travel & Leisure industry and Consumer Cyclical sector, Corporate Travel Management's Piotroski F-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Corporate Travel Management's Piotroski F-Score falls into.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
*Note: If the latest quarterly/semi-annual/annual total assets data is 0, then we will use previous quarterly/semi-annual/annual data for all the items in the balance sheet.
Profitability
Question 1. Return on Assets (ROA)
Net income before extraordinary items for the year divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.
Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.
Corporate Travel Management's current Net Income (TTM) was -348.5.
==> Negative ==> Score 0.
Question 2. Cash Flow Return on Assets (CFROA)
Net cash flow from operating activities (operating cash flow) divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.
Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.
Corporate Travel Management's current Cash Flow from Operations (TTM) was 141.6.
==> Positive ==> Score 1.
Question 3. Change in Return on Assets
Compare this year's return on assets (1) to last year's return on assets.
Corporate Travel Management's return on assets of this year was -0.21212669. Corporate Travel Management's return on assets of last year was 0.04901875.
==> Last year is higher ==> Score 0.
Question 4. Quality of Earnings (Accrual)
Compare Cash flow return on assets (2) to return on assets (1)
Corporate Travel Management's gearing of this year was 0.01398314. Corporate Travel Management's gearing of last year was 0.01725157.
==> This year is lower or equal to last year. ==> Score 1.
Question 6. Change in Working Capital (Liquidity)
Compare this year's current ratio (current assets divided by current liabilities) to last year's current ratio.
Score 1 if this year's current ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower
Corporate Travel Management's current ratio of this year was 0.81098573. Corporate Travel Management's current ratio of last year was 1.34081609.
==> Last year's current ratio is higher ==> Score 0.
Question 7. Change in Shares in Issue
Compare the number of shares in issue this year, to the number in issue last year.
Score 0 if there is larger number of shares in issue this year, 1 otherwise.
Corporate Travel Management's number of shares in issue this year was 142.108. Corporate Travel Management's number of shares in issue last year was 145.943.
==> There is smaller number of shares in issue this year, or the same. ==> Score 1.
Efficiency
Question 8. Change in Gross Margin
Compare this year's gross margin (Gross Profit divided by sales) to last year's.
Score 1 if this year's gross margin is higher, 0 if it's lower.
Corporate Travel Management's gross margin of this year was 0.98582974. Corporate Travel Management's gross margin of last year was 0.98646836.
==> Last year's gross margin is higher ==> Score 0.
Question 9. Change in asset turnover
Compare this year's asset turnover (total sales for the year divided by total assets at the beginning of the year) to last year's asset turnover ratio.
Score 1 if this year's asset turnover ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower
Corporate Travel Management's asset turnover of this year was 0.38693131. Corporate Travel Management's asset turnover of last year was 0.4107581.
==> Last year's asset turnover is higher ==> Score 0.
Evaluation
Piotroski F-Score
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Good or high score = 7, 8, 9
Bad or low score = 0, 1, 2, 3
Corporate Travel Management has an F-score of 4 indicating the company's financial situation is typical for a stable company.
Corporate Travel Management (ASX:CTD) has a Piotroski F-Score of 4 as of Sep. 02, 2026. The Piotroski F-score grades a company's business operating strength from 0-9. View historical data on Corporate Travel Management and its competitors. This is 33% below median its historical median of 6.00. Over the past decade, Corporate Travel Management's Piotroski F-Score has ranged from 2.00 to 8.00.
Is Corporate Travel Management's Piotroski F-Score too high?
Corporate Travel Management's current Piotroski F-Score of 4 is 33% below median its 10-year median of 6.00. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 2.00 to a high of 8.00. The Travel & Leisure industry median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00. Corporate Travel Management's value of 4 is 20% below this industry median. Overall, Corporate Travel Management has a GF Score™ of 8/100, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Corporate Travel Management's Piotroski F-Score compare to TRIP and PRSU?
Corporate Travel Management's Piotroski F-Score of 4 can be compared against companies in the Travel & Leisure industry. The industry median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00. Corporate Travel Management's value of 4 is 20% below this benchmark. Historically, Corporate Travel Management's own Piotroski F-Score has ranged from 2.00 to 8.00 over the past decade. While the company's 10-year median is 6.00 vs. the industry median of 5.00, Corporate Travel Management has consistently been below the industry average. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Piotroski F-Score for a Travel & Leisure company?
The median Piotroski F-Score among Travel & Leisure companies is 5.00, based on 834 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Piotroski F-Score significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Piotroski F-Score should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Corporate Travel Management's current Piotroski F-Score of 4 is 20% below the industry median. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Piotroski F-Score mean?
A high Piotroski F-Score can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Piotroski F-score grades a company's business operating strength from 0-9. View historical data on Corporate Travel Management and its competitors. For the Travel & Leisure industry, the median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Corporate Travel Management's current Piotroski F-Score is 4, which is 33% below median its own 10-year median of 6.00. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Corporate Travel Management stock overvalued right now?
Corporate Travel Management (ASX:CTD) has a current Piotroski F-Score of 4. The current Piotroski F-Score is 4, which is 33% below median its 10-year median of 6.00 and 20% below the Travel & Leisure industry median of 5.00. Corporate Travel Management's overall GF Score™ is 8/100 with 6 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Piotroski F-Score calculated?
Piotroski F-Score is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Corporate Travel Management (ASX:CTD), the current Piotroski F-Score is 4 as of Sep. 02, 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Corporate Travel Management provides travel services for businesses and governments across the Americas, Australia and New Zealand, Europe, and Asia. The group has built scale and breadth through both organic growth and acquisitions. Corporate Travel is currently a top-five corporate travel management company globally based total transaction volumes, but it is a relative minnow in the highly fragmented USD 1 trillion global market. The group offers expertise and personalized service to corporate clients spanning various industries such as government, healthcare, mining, energy, infrastructure, and construction. Before the pandemic, more than 60% of the group's client travel was domestic (within country) in nature.
8GF Score
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