Calgro M3 HoldingsFRA:5C2 22 Piotroski F-Score is 3 as of Jul. 06, 2026, which is 40% below its 10-year median of 5.00. GuruFocus rates FRA:5C2 with a GF Score™ of 22/100 and a GF Value™ of €0.20 (Fairly Valued). The stock has 6 warning signs investors should review. Among 94 Homebuilding & Construction companies, Calgro M3 Holdings ranks worse than 82.98% on this metric.
Warning Sign:
Piotroski F-Score of 3 is low, which usually implies poor business operation.
The zones of discrimination were as such:
Good or high score = 7, 8, 9
Bad or low score = 0, 1, 2, 3
Calgro M3 Holdings has an F-score of 3. It is a bad or low score, which usually implies poor business operation.
The historical rank and industry rank for Calgro M3 Holdings's Piotroski F-Score or its related term are showing as below:
FRA:5C2'
s Piotroski F-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: 3 Med: 5 Max: 7
Current: 3
During the past 13 years, the highest Piotroski F-Score of Calgro M3 Holdings was 7. The lowest was 3. And the median was 5.
The developer of the system is Joseph D. Piotroski is relatively unknown accounting professor who shuns publicity and rarely gives interviews.
He graduated from the University of Illinois with a B.S. in accounting in 1989, received an M.B.A. from Indiana University in 1994. Five years later, in 1999, after earning a Ph.D. in accounting from the University of Michigan, he became an associate professor of accounting at the University of Chicago.
He wanted to see if he can develop a system (using a simple nine-point scoring system) that can increase the returns of a strategy of investing in low price to book (referred to in the paper as high book to market) value companies.
What he found was something that exceeded his most optimistic expectations.
Buying only those companies that scored highest (8 or 9) on his nine-point scale, or F-Score as he called it, over the 20 year period from 1976 to 1996 led to an average out-performance over the market of 13.4%.
Even more impressive were the results of a strategy of investing in the highest F-Score companies (8 or 9) and shorting companies with the lowest F-Score (0 or 1).
Over the same period from 1976 to 1996 (20 years) this strategy led to an average yearly return of 23%, substantially outperforming the average S&P 500 index return of 15.83% over the same period.
Calgro M3 Holdings Piotroski F-Score Related Terms
Calgro M3 Holdings Piotroski F-Score Historical Data
* Premium members only.
The historical data trend for Calgro M3 Holdings's Piotroski F-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
FRA:5C2 vs DHI, PHM, LEN: Piotroski F-Score Comparison
For the Residential Construction subindustry, Calgro M3 Holdings's Piotroski F-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Piotroski F-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Calgro M3 Holdings Piotroski F-Score vs Homebuilding & Construction Industry
For the Homebuilding & Construction industry and Consumer Cyclical sector, Calgro M3 Holdings's Piotroski F-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Calgro M3 Holdings's Piotroski F-Score falls into.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
*Note: If the latest quarterly/semi-annual/annual total assets data is 0, then we will use previous quarterly/semi-annual/annual data for all the items in the balance sheet.
Profitability
Question 1. Return on Assets (ROA)
Net income before extraordinary items for the year divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.
Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.
Calgro M3 Holdings's current Net Income (TTM) was 8.48.
==> Positive ==> Score 1.
Question 2. Cash Flow Return on Assets (CFROA)
Net cash flow from operating activities (operating cash flow) divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.
Calgro M3 Holdings's return on assets of this year was 0.04982922. Calgro M3 Holdings's return on assets of last year was 0.06199414.
==> Last year is higher ==> Score 0.
Question 4. Quality of Earnings (Accrual)
Compare Cash flow return on assets (2) to return on assets (1)
Calgro M3 Holdings's gearing of this year was 0.3611838. Calgro M3 Holdings's gearing of last year was 0.32541608.
==> Last year is lower than this year ==> Score 0.
Question 6. Change in Working Capital (Liquidity)
Compare this year's current ratio (current assets divided by current liabilities) to last year's current ratio.
Score 1 if this year's current ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower
Calgro M3 Holdings's current ratio of this year was 3.49273054. Calgro M3 Holdings's current ratio of last year was 2.81364462.
==> This year's current ratio is higher. ==> Score 1.
Question 7. Change in Shares in Issue
Compare the number of shares in issue this year, to the number in issue last year.
Score 0 if there is larger number of shares in issue this year, 1 otherwise.
Calgro M3 Holdings's number of shares in issue this year was 97.146. Calgro M3 Holdings's number of shares in issue last year was 98.191.
==> There is smaller number of shares in issue this year, or the same. ==> Score 1.
Efficiency
Question 8. Change in Gross Margin
Compare this year's gross margin (Gross Profit divided by sales) to last year's.
Score 1 if this year's gross margin is higher, 0 if it's lower.
Calgro M3 Holdings's gross margin of this year was 0.27196529. Calgro M3 Holdings's gross margin of last year was 0.29429356.
==> Last year's gross margin is higher ==> Score 0.
Question 9. Change in asset turnover
Compare this year's asset turnover (total sales for the year divided by total assets at the beginning of the year) to last year's asset turnover ratio.
Score 1 if this year's asset turnover ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower
Calgro M3 Holdings's asset turnover of this year was 0.27774675. Calgro M3 Holdings's asset turnover of last year was 0.3265126.
==> Last year's asset turnover is higher ==> Score 0.
Evaluation
Piotroski F-Score
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Good or high score = 7, 8, 9
Bad or low score = 0, 1, 2, 3
Calgro M3 Holdings has an F-score of 3. It is a bad or low score, which usually implies poor business operation.
Calgro M3 Holdings (FRA:5C2) has a Piotroski F-Score of 3 as of Jul. 06, 2026. The Piotroski F-score grades a company's business operating strength from 0-9. View historical data on Calgro M3 Holdings and its competitors. This is 40% below median its historical median of 5.00. Over the past decade, Calgro M3 Holdings' Piotroski F-Score has ranged from 3.00 to 7.00. According to the industry distribution chart, Calgro M3 Holdings ranks #78 out of 94 companies in the Homebuilding & Construction industry, placing it in the top 83%.
Is Calgro M3 Holdings' Piotroski F-Score too high?
Calgro M3 Holdings' current Piotroski F-Score of 3 is 40% below median its 10-year median of 5.00. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 3.00 to a high of 7.00. The Homebuilding & Construction industry median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00. Calgro M3 Holdings' value of 3 is 40% below this industry median. Based on the distribution chart, Calgro M3 Holdings ranks #78 out of 94 companies in the Homebuilding & Construction industry, which is in the bottom quartile relative to peers. Overall, Calgro M3 Holdings has a GF Score™ of 22/100 and is considered Fairly Valued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Calgro M3 Holdings' Piotroski F-Score compare to DHI and PHM?
According to the Homebuilding & Construction industry distribution chart, Calgro M3 Holdings ranks #78 out of 94 companies for Piotroski F-Score. This places Calgro M3 Holdings in the lower half of its industry. The industry median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00. Calgro M3 Holdings' value of 3 is 40% below this benchmark. Historically, Calgro M3 Holdings' own Piotroski F-Score has ranged from 3.00 to 7.00 over the past decade. While the company's 10-year median is 5.00 vs. the industry median of 5.00, Calgro M3 Holdings has consistently been below the industry average. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Piotroski F-Score for a Homebuilding & Construction company?
The median Piotroski F-Score among Homebuilding & Construction companies is 5.00, based on 94 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Piotroski F-Score significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Piotroski F-Score should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Calgro M3 Holdings's current Piotroski F-Score of 3 is 40% below the industry median. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Piotroski F-Score mean?
A high Piotroski F-Score can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Piotroski F-score grades a company's business operating strength from 0-9. View historical data on Calgro M3 Holdings and its competitors. For the Homebuilding & Construction industry, the median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Calgro M3 Holdings's current Piotroski F-Score is 3, which is 40% below median its own 10-year median of 5.00. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Calgro M3 Holdings stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Calgro M3 Holdings (FRA:5C2) is currently considered Fairly Valued. The stock's GF Value™ is €0.20, compared to a current price of €0.20 — trading 1% above its estimated fair value. The current Piotroski F-Score is 3, which is 40% below median its 10-year median of 5.00 and 40% below the Homebuilding & Construction industry median of 5.00. Calgro M3 Holdings' overall GF Score™ is 22/100 with 6 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Piotroski F-Score calculated?
Piotroski F-Score is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Calgro M3 Holdings (FRA:5C2), the current Piotroski F-Score is 3 as of Jul. 06, 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Is Calgro M3 Holdings (FRA:5C2) Overvalued in 2026?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Calgro M3 Holdings stock appears to be overvalued.
The current stock price of €0.20 is trading 1% above its estimated GF Value™ of €0.20.
GuruFocus considers Calgro M3 Holdings to be Fairly Valued.
Key valuation signals for FRA:5C2:
Piotroski F-Score: 3 (40% below median its 10-year median of 5.00)
GF Value™: €0.20 vs. price of €0.20 (1% above fair value)
Industry Position: 40% below the Homebuilding & Construction median (#78 of 94)
No single metric tells the full story. See the FRA:5C2 stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.
Calgro M3 Holdings Ltd is a property and property-related investment company that specializes in the development of Integrated Residential Developments and the development and management of Memorial Parks, focusing on its operations in Gauteng, Western Cape, Free State and Northwest. The group develops integrated housing developments consisting of subsidized, social, Grassroots Affordable or First Home Finance and Affordable Housing. Its segments include Residential Property Development segment consists of development of integrated housing developments and mid to high income housing projects and Memorial Parks consist of burial rights and the associated burial and maintenance services.
22GF Score
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Piotroski F-Score is just one metric. See GF Value™, 30-year financials, guru trades, warning signs, and more.
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