The developer of the system is Joseph D. Piotroski is relatively unknown accounting professor who shuns publicity and rarely gives interviews.
He graduated from the University of Illinois with a B.S. in accounting in 1989, received an M.B.A. from Indiana University in 1994. Five years later, in 1999, after earning a Ph.D. in accounting from the University of Michigan, he became an associate professor of accounting at the University of Chicago.
He wanted to see if he can develop a system (using a simple nine-point scoring system) that can increase the returns of a strategy of investing in low price to book (referred to in the paper as high book to market) value companies.
What he found was something that exceeded his most optimistic expectations.
Buying only those companies that scored highest (8 or 9) on his nine-point scale, or F-Score as he called it, over the 20 year period from 1976 to 1996 led to an average out-performance over the market of 13.4%.
Even more impressive were the results of a strategy of investing in the highest F-Score companies (8 or 9) and shorting companies with the lowest F-Score (0 or 1).
Over the same period from 1976 to 1996 (20 years) this strategy led to an average yearly return of 23%, substantially outperforming the average S&P 500 index return of 15.83% over the same period.
Dashan Education Holdings Piotroski F-Score Related Terms
Dashan Education Holdings Piotroski F-Score Historical Data
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
HKSE:09986 vs EDU, TAL, GHC: Piotroski F-Score Comparison
For the Education & Training Services subindustry, Dashan Education Holdings's Piotroski F-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Piotroski F-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Dashan Education Holdings Piotroski F-Score vs Education Industry
For the Education industry and Consumer Defensive sector, Dashan Education Holdings's Piotroski F-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Dashan Education Holdings's Piotroski F-Score falls into.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
*Note: If the latest quarterly/semi-annual/annual total assets data is 0, then we will use previous quarterly/semi-annual/annual data for all the items in the balance sheet.
Profitability
Question 1. Return on Assets (ROA)
Net income before extraordinary items for the year divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.
Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.
Dashan Education Holdings's current Net Income (TTM) was -26.5.
==> Negative ==> Score 0.
Question 2. Cash Flow Return on Assets (CFROA)
Net cash flow from operating activities (operating cash flow) divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.
Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.
Dashan Education Holdings's current Cash Flow from Operations (TTM) was 1.9.
==> Positive ==> Score 1.
Question 3. Change in Return on Assets
Compare this year's return on assets (1) to last year's return on assets.
Dashan Education Holdings's return on assets of this year was -0.09053737. Dashan Education Holdings's return on assets of last year was -0.18198007.
==> This year is higher. ==> Score 1.
Question 4. Quality of Earnings (Accrual)
Compare Cash flow return on assets (2) to return on assets (1)
Dashan Education Holdings's gearing of this year was 0.05528555. Dashan Education Holdings's gearing of last year was 0.05568835.
==> This year is lower or equal to last year. ==> Score 1.
Question 6. Change in Working Capital (Liquidity)
Compare this year's current ratio (current assets divided by current liabilities) to last year's current ratio.
Score 1 if this year's current ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower
Dashan Education Holdings's current ratio of this year was 0.63775053. Dashan Education Holdings's current ratio of last year was 1.15407673.
==> Last year's current ratio is higher ==> Score 0.
Question 7. Change in Shares in Issue
Compare the number of shares in issue this year, to the number in issue last year.
Score 0 if there is larger number of shares in issue this year, 1 otherwise.
Dashan Education Holdings's number of shares in issue this year was 770.54. Dashan Education Holdings's number of shares in issue last year was 770.6.
==> There is smaller number of shares in issue this year, or the same. ==> Score 1.
Efficiency
Question 8. Change in Gross Margin
Compare this year's gross margin (Gross Profit divided by sales) to last year's.
Score 1 if this year's gross margin is higher, 0 if it's lower.
Dashan Education Holdings's gross margin of this year was 0.28601579. Dashan Education Holdings's gross margin of last year was 0.16423881.
==> This year's gross margin is higher. ==> Score 1.
Question 9. Change in asset turnover
Compare this year's asset turnover (total sales for the year divided by total assets at the beginning of the year) to last year's asset turnover ratio.
Score 1 if this year's asset turnover ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower
Dashan Education Holdings's asset turnover of this year was 0.43143026. Dashan Education Holdings's asset turnover of last year was 0.19970443.
==> This year's asset turnover is higher. ==> Score 1.
Evaluation
Piotroski F-Score
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7
Good or high score = 7, 8, 9
Bad or low score = 0, 1, 2, 3
Dashan Education Holdings has an F-score of 7. It is a good or high score, which usually indicates a very healthy situation.
Dashan Education Holdings (HKSE:09986) has a Piotroski F-Score of 7 as of Jul. 03, 2026. The Piotroski F-score grades a company's business operating strength from 0-9. View historical data on Dashan Education Holdings and its competitors. This is 40% above median its historical median of 5.00. Over the past decade, Dashan Education Holdings' Piotroski F-Score has ranged from 2.00 to 7.00.
Is Dashan Education Holdings' Piotroski F-Score too high?
Dashan Education Holdings' current Piotroski F-Score of 7 is 40% above median its 10-year median of 5.00. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 2.00 to a high of 7.00. The Education industry median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00. Dashan Education Holdings' value of 7 is 40% above this industry median. Overall, Dashan Education Holdings has a GF Score™ of 55/100, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Dashan Education Holdings' Piotroski F-Score compare to EDU and TAL?
Dashan Education Holdings' Piotroski F-Score of 7 can be compared against companies in the Education industry. The industry median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00. Dashan Education Holdings' value of 7 is 40% above this benchmark. Historically, Dashan Education Holdings' own Piotroski F-Score has ranged from 2.00 to 7.00 over the past decade. While the company's 10-year median is 5.00 vs. the industry median of 5.00, Dashan Education Holdings has consistently been above the industry average. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Piotroski F-Score for an Education company?
The median Piotroski F-Score among Education companies is 5.00, based on 254 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Piotroski F-Score significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Piotroski F-Score should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Dashan Education Holdings's current Piotroski F-Score of 7 is 40% above the industry median. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Piotroski F-Score mean?
A high Piotroski F-Score can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Piotroski F-score grades a company's business operating strength from 0-9. View historical data on Dashan Education Holdings and its competitors. For the Education industry, the median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Dashan Education Holdings's current Piotroski F-Score is 7, which is 40% above median its own 10-year median of 5.00. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Dashan Education Holdings stock overvalued right now?
Dashan Education Holdings (HKSE:09986) has a current Piotroski F-Score of 7. The stock's GF Value™ is HK$4.83, compared to a current price of HK$1.88 — trading 61.1% below its estimated fair value. The current Piotroski F-Score is 7, which is 40% above median its 10-year median of 5.00 and 40% above the Education industry median of 5.00. Dashan Education Holdings' overall GF Score™ is 55/100 with 5 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Piotroski F-Score calculated?
Piotroski F-Score is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Dashan Education Holdings (HKSE:09986), the current Piotroski F-Score is 7 as of Jul. 03, 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Is Dashan Education Holdings (HKSE:09986) Overvalued in 2026?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Dashan Education Holdings stock appears to be undervalued.
The current stock price of HK$1.88 is trading 61.1% below its estimated GF Value™ of HK$4.83.
Key valuation signals for HKSE:09986:
Piotroski F-Score: 7 (40% above median its 10-year median of 5.00)
GF Value™: HK$4.83 vs. price of HK$1.88 (61.1% below fair value)
No single metric tells the full story. See the HKSE:09986 stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.
Dashan Education Holdings Ltd is principally engaged in (i) the provision of extracurricular programmes for personal attainment and overseas education consultation services; and (ii) the provision of diversified consultancy services for entities. The Group's operating and reportable segments are the extracurricular programs segment, the brand operation and management segment, the overseas education segment, the training and consultancy segment, and the Others segment. The majority of its revenue is generated from the overseas education segment. All of the Group's revenue are derived from the PRC.
55GF Score
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