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Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
AMM:KAFA's Price-to-Graham-Number is not ranked *
in the Conglomerates industry.
Industry Median: 0.94 * Ranked among companies with meaningful Price-to-Graham-Number only.
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments (AMM:KAFA) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: . 20 )
=
0.38
/
N/A
=
N/A
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments Graham Number Related Terms
Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments Graham Number Historical Data
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments Graham Number Chart
Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments Annual Data
Trend
Graham Number
Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments Semi-Annual Data
Graham Number
AMM:KAFA vs MAGAA, UMAX, WSCC: Graham Number Comparison
For the Conglomerates subindustry, Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments Price-to-Graham-Number vs Conglomerates Industry
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments (AMM:KAFA) has a Graham Number of JODN/A as of . 20. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments and its competitors. According to the industry distribution chart, Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments ranks #999999 out of 378 companies in the Conglomerates industry.
Is Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments' Graham Number too high?
Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments' current Graham Number is JODN/A. Based on the distribution chart, Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments ranks #999999 out of 378 companies in the Conglomerates industry, which is in the bottom quartile relative to peers.
How does Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments' Graham Number compare to MAGAA and UMAX?
According to the Conglomerates industry distribution chart, Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments ranks #999999 out of 378 companies for Graham Number. This places Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments in the lower half of its industry. The industry median Graham Number is 0.94. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Graham Number for a Conglomerates company?
The median Graham Number among Conglomerates companies is 0.94, based on 378 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Graham Number significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Graham Number should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Graham Number mean?
A high Graham Number can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments and its competitors. For the Conglomerates industry, the median Graham Number is 0.94 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments's current Graham Number is JODN/A. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments stock overvalued right now?
Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments (AMM:KAFA) has a current Graham Number of JODN/A. The current Graham Number is JODN/A. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Graham Number calculated?
Graham Number is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments (AMM:KAFA), the current Graham Number is JODN/A as of . 20. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments Business Description
Kafa'a For Financial and Economic Investments is a Jordan-based company engaged in the provision of investment activities. The company's main objectives are: Obsession of companies and projects fully and partially in different business sectors. Establishing new projects and providing consultancy services for arranging the necessary finance through capital markets by issuance of shares bond and securities Evaluation, capital restructure of companies and increase their capital in addition of merging and acquisition operations. Trading and possession of shares and bonds through financial market brokers.
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