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Pathos CommunicationsFRA:3Z2 -3.29%25 Graham Number is €N/A as of Dec. 2025. GuruFocus rates FRA:3Z2 with a GF Score™ of 25/100. Among 495 Media - Diversified companies, Pathos Communications ranks worse than 202020% on this metric.
Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
The historical rank and industry rank for Pathos Communications's Graham Number or its related term are showing as below:
During the past 4 years, the highest Price to Graham Number ratio of Pathos Communications was 1.91. The lowest was 1.62. And the median was 1.91.
FRA:3Z2's Price-to-Graham-Number is not ranked *
in the Media - Diversified industry.
Industry Median: 1.19 * Ranked among companies with meaningful Price-to-Graham-Number only.
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
Pathos Communications (FRA:3Z2) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Pathos Communications's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Dec. 2025 )
=
0.294
/
N/A
=
N/A
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Pathos Communications Graham Number Related Terms
Pathos Communications Graham Number Historical Data
* Premium members only.
The historical data trend for Pathos Communications's Graham Number can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
FRA:3Z2 vs APP, OMC, TTD: Graham Number Comparison
For the Advertising Agencies subindustry, Pathos Communications's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Pathos Communications Price-to-Graham-Number vs Media - Diversified Industry
For the Media - Diversified industry and Communication Services sector, Pathos Communications's Price-to-Graham-Number distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Pathos Communications's Price-to-Graham-Number falls into.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Pathos Communications (FRA:3Z2) has a Graham Number of €N/A as of Dec. 2025. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Pathos Communications and its competitors. Over the past decade, Pathos Communications' Graham Number has ranged from 1.62 to 1.91. According to the industry distribution chart, Pathos Communications ranks #999999 out of 495 companies in the Media - Diversified industry.
Is Pathos Communications' Graham Number too high?
Pathos Communications' current Graham Number is €N/A. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 1.62 to a high of 1.91. Based on the distribution chart, Pathos Communications ranks #999999 out of 495 companies in the Media - Diversified industry, which is in the bottom quartile relative to peers. Overall, Pathos Communications has a GF Score™ of 25/100, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Pathos Communications' Graham Number compare to APP and OMC?
According to the Media - Diversified industry distribution chart, Pathos Communications ranks #999999 out of 495 companies for Graham Number. This places Pathos Communications in the lower half of its industry. The industry median Graham Number is 1.19. Historically, Pathos Communications' own Graham Number has ranged from 1.62 to 1.91 over the past decade. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Graham Number for a Media - Diversified company?
The median Graham Number among Media - Diversified companies is 1.19, based on 495 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Graham Number significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Graham Number should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Graham Number mean?
A high Graham Number can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Pathos Communications and its competitors. For the Media - Diversified industry, the median Graham Number is 1.19 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Pathos Communications's current Graham Number is €N/A. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Pathos Communications stock overvalued right now?
Pathos Communications (FRA:3Z2) has a current Graham Number of €N/A. The current Graham Number is €N/A. Pathos Communications' overall GF Score™ is 25/100. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Graham Number calculated?
Graham Number is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Pathos Communications (FRA:3Z2), the current Graham Number is €N/A as of Dec. 2025. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Pathos Communications PLC specializes in creative engagement, strategic communications, and brand reputation management while remaining rooted in a deep understanding of each client's goals, voice, and vision. It offers a comprehensive range of services designed to help clients minimize risk, boost audience interaction, and maximize their return on investment (ROI).
25GF Score
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