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Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
The historical rank and industry rank for Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co's Graham Number or its related term are showing as below:
FRA:ZTX'
s Price-to-Graham-Number Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: 0.65 Med: 0.72 Max: 1.31
Current: 0.65
During the past 13 years, the highest Price to Graham Number ratio of Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co was 1.31. The lowest was 0.65. And the median was 0.72.
FRA:ZTX's Price-to-Graham-Number is ranked better than 74.77% of 745
companies
in the Transportation industry
Industry Median: 1.03
vs FRA:ZTX: 0.65
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co (FRA:ZTX) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Mar. 2026 )
=
3.78
/
5.89
=
0.64
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co Graham Number Related Terms
Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co Graham Number Historical Data
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co Graham Number Chart
FRA:ZTX vs UNP, CSX, NSC: Graham Number Comparison
For the Railroads subindustry, Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co Price-to-Graham-Number vs Transportation Industry
For the Transportation industry and Industrials sector, Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co's Price-to-Graham-Number distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co's Price-to-Graham-Number falls into.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co (FRA:ZTX) has a Graham Number of €5.89 as of Mar. 2026. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co and its competitors. This is 718% above median its historical median of 0.72. Over the past decade, Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co's Graham Number has ranged from 0.65 to 1.31. According to the industry distribution chart, Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co ranks #188 out of 745 companies in the Transportation industry, placing it in the top 25.2%.
Is Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co's Graham Number too high?
Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co's current Graham Number of €5.89 is 718% above median its 10-year median of 0.72. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 0.65 to a high of 1.31. Based on the distribution chart, Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co ranks #188 out of 745 companies in the Transportation industry, which is above the industry midpoint. Overall, Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co has a GF Score™ of 92/100, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co's Graham Number compare to UNP and CSX?
According to the Transportation industry distribution chart, Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co ranks #188 out of 745 companies for Graham Number. This puts Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co in the upper half of its industry. The industry median Graham Number is 1.03. Historically, Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co's own Graham Number has ranged from 0.65 to 1.31 over the past decade. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Graham Number for a Transportation company?
The median Graham Number among Transportation companies is 1.03, based on 745 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Graham Number significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Graham Number should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Graham Number mean?
A high Graham Number can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co and its competitors. For the Transportation industry, the median Graham Number is 1.03 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co's current Graham Number is €5.89, which is 718% above median its own 10-year median of 0.72. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co stock overvalued right now?
Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co (FRA:ZTX) has a current Graham Number of €5.89. The stock's GF Value™ is €4.85, compared to a current price of €3.78 — trading 22.1% below its estimated fair value. The current Graham Number is €5.89, which is 718% above median its 10-year median of 0.72. Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co's overall GF Score™ is 92/100 with 6 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Graham Number calculated?
Graham Number is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co (FRA:ZTX), the current Graham Number is €5.89 as of Mar. 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Is Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co (FRA:ZTX) Overvalued in 2026?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co stock appears to be undervalued.
The current stock price of €3.78 is trading 22.1% below its estimated GF Value™ of €4.85.
Key valuation signals for FRA:ZTX:
Graham Number: €5.89 (718% above median its 10-year median of 0.72)
GF Value™: €4.85 vs. price of €3.78 (22.1% below fair value)
No single metric tells the full story. See the FRA:ZTX stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.
Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co Ltd is in the R&D, design, manufacturing, and sales of rail transit equipment products and the provision of related services, and has an industrial structure of components, systems, and complete machines. Its products mainly include rail transit electrical equipment, railway engineering machinery, communication signal systems, and others. Meanwhile, the Company actively expands to industries other than rail transit and conducts business in the fields of semiconductors, automobiles, new energy, marine, and industrial operations. The Company operates in the domestic market and overseas markets.
92GF Score
Get the complete analysis for FRA:ZTX
Graham Number is just one metric. See GF Value™, 30-year financials, guru trades, warning signs, and more.
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