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Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
The historical rank and industry rank for Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret's Graham Number or its related term are showing as below:
IST:KOPOL'
s Price-to-Graham-Number Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: 1.02 Med: 1.52 Max: 1.86
Current: 1.4
During the past 6 years, the highest Price to Graham Number ratio of Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret was 1.86. The lowest was 1.02. And the median was 1.52.
IST:KOPOL's Price-to-Graham-Number is ranked better than 52.38% of 1199
companies
in the Chemicals industry
Industry Median: 1.44
vs IST:KOPOL: 1.40
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret (IST:KOPOL) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Jun. 2026 )
=
5.98
/
4.26
=
1.40
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret Graham Number Related Terms
Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret Graham Number Historical Data
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
IST:KOPOL vs LIN, SHW, ECL: Graham Number Comparison
For the Specialty Chemicals subindustry, Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret Price-to-Graham-Number vs Chemicals Industry
For the Chemicals industry and Basic Materials sector, Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret's Price-to-Graham-Number distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret's Price-to-Graham-Number falls into.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret (IST:KOPOL) has a Graham Number of ₺4.26 as of Jun. 2026. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret and its competitors. This is 180% above median its historical median of 1.52. Over the past decade, Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret's Graham Number has ranged from 1.02 to 1.86. According to the industry distribution chart, Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret ranks #571 out of 1199 companies in the Chemicals industry, placing it in the top 47.6%.
Is Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret's Graham Number too high?
Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret's current Graham Number of ₺4.26 is 180% above median its 10-year median of 1.52. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 1.02 to a high of 1.86. Based on the distribution chart, Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret ranks #571 out of 1199 companies in the Chemicals industry, which is above the industry midpoint. Overall, Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret has a GF Score™ of 73/100 and is considered Modestly Undervalued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret's Graham Number compare to LIN and SHW?
According to the Chemicals industry distribution chart, Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret ranks #571 out of 1199 companies for Graham Number. This puts Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret in the upper half of its industry. The industry median Graham Number is 1.44. Historically, Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret's own Graham Number has ranged from 1.02 to 1.86 over the past decade. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Graham Number for a Chemicals company?
The median Graham Number among Chemicals companies is 1.44, based on 1,199 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Graham Number significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Graham Number should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Graham Number mean?
A high Graham Number can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret and its competitors. For the Chemicals industry, the median Graham Number is 1.44 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret's current Graham Number is ₺4.26, which is 180% above median its own 10-year median of 1.52. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret (IST:KOPOL) is currently considered Modestly Undervalued. The stock's GF Value™ is ₺6.73, compared to a current price of ₺5.98 — trading 11.1% below its estimated fair value. The current Graham Number is ₺4.26, which is 180% above median its 10-year median of 1.52. Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret's overall GF Score™ is 73/100 with 10 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Graham Number calculated?
Graham Number is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret (IST:KOPOL), the current Graham Number is ₺4.26 as of Jun. 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Is Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret (IST:KOPOL) Overvalued in 2026?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret stock appears to be undervalued.
The current stock price of ₺5.98 is trading 11.1% below its estimated GF Value™ of ₺6.73.
GuruFocus considers Koza Polyesternayi ve Ticaret to be Modestly Undervalued.
Key valuation signals for IST:KOPOL:
Graham Number: ₺4.26 (180% above median its 10-year median of 1.52)
GF Value™: ₺6.73 vs. price of ₺5.98 (11.1% below fair value)
No single metric tells the full story. See the IST:KOPOL stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.
Koza Polyester Sanayi ve Ticaret produces and sells polyester fiber, polyester chips, and plasticizers. For the production of its products, it mainly uses PTA (Purified Terephthalic Acid), MEG (Mono Ethylene Glycol), DEG (Di Ethylene Glycol), 2EH (2-Ethylhexanol), Titan dioxide, and Spinfinish as raw materials. Its products comprise polyester stap fiber, polymers, and chemicals.
73GF Score
Get the complete analysis for IST:KOPOL
Graham Number is just one metric. See GF Value™, 30-year financials, guru trades, warning signs, and more.
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