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Dr. Charlie Tian is the founder and CEO of GuruFocus.com, a leading global investment research platform established in 2004. With a Ph.D. in physics, Dr. Tian transitioned from science to finance, applying a data-driven, disciplined approach to value investing.
Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
As of today (2026-09-08), the stock price of Echo Trading Co is 円828.00. Echo Trading Co's graham number for the quarter that ended in Feb. 2026 was 円2,323.86. Therefore, Echo Trading Co's Price to Graham Number ratio for today is 0.40.
The historical rank and industry rank for Echo Trading Co's Graham Number or its related term are showing as below:
TSE:7427'
s Price-to-Graham-Number Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: 0.33 Med: 0.45 Max: 0.98
Current: 0.4
During the past 13 years, the highest Price to Graham Number ratio of Echo Trading Co was 0.98. The lowest was 0.33. And the median was 0.45.
TSE:7427's Price-to-Graham-Number is ranked better than 91.65% of 1390
companies
in the Consumer Packaged Goods industry
Industry Median: 1.145
vs TSE:7427: 0.40
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
Echo Trading Co (TSE:7427) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Echo Trading Co's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Feb. 2026 )
=
828.00
/
2,081.54
=
0.40
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Echo Trading Co Graham Number Related Terms
Echo Trading Co Graham Number Historical Data
* Premium members only.
The historical data trend for Echo Trading Co's Graham Number can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
For the Packaged Foods subindustry, Echo Trading Co's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Echo Trading Co Price-to-Graham-Number vs Consumer Packaged Goods Industry
For the Consumer Packaged Goods industry and Consumer Defensive sector, Echo Trading Co's Price-to-Graham-Number distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Echo Trading Co's Price-to-Graham-Number falls into.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Echo Trading Co (TSE:7427) has a Graham Number of 円2,323.86 as of Feb. 2026. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Echo Trading Co and its competitors. According to the industry distribution chart, Echo Trading Co ranks #116 out of 1390 companies in the Consumer Packaged Goods industry, placing it in the top 8.3%.
Is Echo Trading Co's Graham Number too high?
Echo Trading Co's current Graham Number is 円2,323.86. Based on the distribution chart, Echo Trading Co ranks #116 out of 1390 companies in the Consumer Packaged Goods industry, which is in the top quartile — a strong position relative to peers. Overall, Echo Trading Co has a GF Score™ of 66/100 and is considered Modestly Undervalued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Echo Trading Co's Graham Number compare to KHC and GIS?
According to the Consumer Packaged Goods industry distribution chart, Echo Trading Co ranks #116 out of 1390 companies for Graham Number. This places Echo Trading Co in the top 8% of its industry — outperforming the majority of peers. The industry median Graham Number is 1.15. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Graham Number for a Consumer Packaged Goods company?
The median Graham Number among Consumer Packaged Goods companies is 1.15, based on 1,390 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Graham Number significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Graham Number should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Graham Number mean?
A high Graham Number can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Echo Trading Co and its competitors. For the Consumer Packaged Goods industry, the median Graham Number is 1.15 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Echo Trading Co's current Graham Number is 円2,323.86. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Echo Trading Co stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Echo Trading Co (TSE:7427) is currently considered Modestly Undervalued. The stock's GF Value™ is 円931.57, compared to a current price of 円828.00 — trading 11.1% below its estimated fair value. The current Graham Number is 円2,323.86. Echo Trading Co's overall GF Score™ is 66/100 with 2 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Graham Number calculated?
Graham Number is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Echo Trading Co (TSE:7427), the current Graham Number is 円2,323.86 as of Feb. 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Is Echo Trading Co (TSE:7427) Overvalued in 2026?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Echo Trading Co stock appears to be undervalued.
The current stock price of 円828.00 is trading 11.1% below its estimated GF Value™ of 円931.57.
GuruFocus considers Echo Trading Co to be Modestly Undervalued.
Key valuation signals for TSE:7427:
Graham Number: 円2,323.86
GF Value™: 円931.57 vs. price of 円828.00 (11.1% below fair value)
No single metric tells the full story. See the TSE:7427 stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.
Echo Trading Co Ltd is a Japan-based company offering diversified products and services for pets. The company is engaged in specialty store business, wholesale business, product development business, education business, sales promotion business, event business, and internet business. Its specialty store business, wholesale business, and product development business are engaged in the production and distribution of pet food and pet supplies to pet home centers, supermarkets, and drug stores. Its internet business transmits information useful for pet owners and pet lives such as searching for pet-related facilities such as animal hospitals and trimming salons, and travel knowledge on pets.
66GF Score
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