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Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co (OTCPK:YZOFF) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Dec. 2025 )
=
22.76
/
2.02
=
11.25
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co Graham Number Related Terms
Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co Graham Number Historical Data
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co Graham Number Chart
Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co Annual Data
For the Communication Equipment subindustry, Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co Price-to-Graham-Number vs Hardware Industry
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co (YZOFF) has a Graham Number of $2.23 as of Dec. 2025. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co and its competitors. This is 165% above median its historical median of 0.84. Over the past decade, Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co's Graham Number has ranged from 0.44 to 6.10. According to the industry distribution chart, Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co ranks #1425 out of 1622 companies in the Hardware industry, placing it in the top 87.9%.
Is Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co's Graham Number too high?
Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co's current Graham Number of $2.23 is 165% above median its 10-year median of 0.84. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 0.44 to a high of 6.10. The Hardware industry median Graham Number is 1.80. Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co's value of $2.23 is 23.9% above this industry median. Based on the distribution chart, Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co ranks #1425 out of 1622 companies in the Hardware industry, which is in the bottom quartile relative to peers. Overall, Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co has a GF Score™ of 77/100 and is considered Significantly Overvalued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co's Graham Number compare to CSCO and MSI?
According to the Hardware industry distribution chart, Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co ranks #1425 out of 1622 companies for Graham Number. This places Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co in the lower half of its industry. The industry median Graham Number is 1.80. Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co's value of $2.23 is 23.9% above this benchmark. Historically, Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co's own Graham Number has ranged from 0.44 to 6.10 over the past decade. While the company's 10-year median is 0.84 vs. the industry median of 1.80, Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co has consistently been above the industry average. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Graham Number for a Hardware company?
The median Graham Number among Hardware companies is 1.80, based on 1,622 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Graham Number significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Graham Number should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co's current Graham Number of $2.23 is 23.9% above the industry median. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Graham Number mean?
A high Graham Number can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co and its competitors. For the Hardware industry, the median Graham Number is 1.80 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co's current Graham Number is $2.23, which is 165% above median its own 10-year median of 0.84. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co (YZOFF) is currently considered Significantly Overvalued. The stock's GF Value™ is $4.75, compared to a current price of $22.76 — trading 379.2% above its estimated fair value. The current Graham Number is $2.23, which is 165% above median its 10-year median of 0.84 and 23.9% above the Hardware industry median of 1.80. Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co's overall GF Score™ is 77/100 with 4 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Graham Number calculated?
Graham Number is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co (YZOFF), the current Graham Number is $2.23 as of Dec. 2025. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Is Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co (YZOFF) Overvalued in 2026?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co stock appears to be overvalued.
The current stock price of $22.76 is trading 379.2% above its estimated GF Value™ of $4.75.
GuruFocus considers Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Co to be Significantly Overvalued.
Key valuation signals for YZOFF:
Graham Number: $2.23 (165% above median its 10-year median of 0.84)
GF Value™: $4.75 vs. price of $22.76 (379.2% above fair value)
Industry Position: 23.9% above the Hardware median (#1425 of 1622)
No single metric tells the full story. See the YZOFF stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.
Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Ltd Co are principally engaged in the research, development, production and sale of optical fiber preforms, optical fibers, optical cables optical components and modules and related products. The company is the supplier of optical fibre preform, optical fibre, optical fibre cables and other relevant products in telecommunication industry. The group determines the two reporting segments, optical communication products segment and optical transmission components segment. The company generates majority of revenue from optical communication products segment. Its products include Cutting-Edge Product, Specialty Fibre, Raw Material, Submarine Cable, Communication Optical Fibre, Structured Cabling, Optical Transceiver, Coaxial Cable, etc.
77GF Score
Get the complete analysis for YZOFF
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