Realord Technology Co (FRA:CUV) Beneish M-Score: -2.18 (As of Jul. 15, 2026)

Author: Vera Yuan Vera Yuan
Vera Yuan
Vera Yuan
Director of Data and Quant Analytics at GuruFocus
Focused on building reliable datasets, financial models, and research tools for value-minded investors. Committed to turning complex data into practical guidance for value-investing and long-term wealth.
Reviewed by: Charlie Tian Charlie Tian
Charlie Tian
Charlie Tian
Founder & CEO of GuruFocus
Dr. Charlie Tian is the founder and CEO of GuruFocus.com, a leading global investment research platform established in 2004. With a Ph.D. in physics, Dr. Tian transitioned from science to finance, applying a data-driven, disciplined approach to value investing.

FRA:CUV Realord Technology Co Ltd FRA:CUV
18 GF Score
Price €1.14
GF Value €0.58
Valuation Significantly Overvalued
! 6 Warning Signs
View Full Analysis

What is Realord Technology Co Beneish M-Score?

Realord Technology Co FRA:CUV +3.64% 18 Beneish M-Score is -2.18 as of Jul. 15, 2026. GuruFocus rates FRA:CUV with a GF Score™ of 18/100 and a GF Value™ of €0.58 (Significantly Overvalued). The stock has 6 warning signs investors should review. Among 541 Conglomerates companies, Realord Technology Co ranks worse than 75.05% on this metric.

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.18 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Realord Technology Co's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

FRA:CUV' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -2.93   Med: -2.05   Max: 0.44
Current: -2.18

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Realord Technology Co was 0.44. The lowest was -2.93. And the median was -2.05.


Realord Technology Co Beneish M-Score Historical Data

* Premium members only.

The historical data trend for Realord Technology Co's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

Realord Technology Co Beneish M-Score Chart

Realord Technology Co Annual Data
Trend Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23 Dec24 Dec25
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.33 -1.89 -2.26 -2.93 -2.18

Realord Technology Co Semi-Annual Data
Jun16 Dec16 Jun17 Dec17 Jun18 Dec18 Jun19 Dec19 Jun20 Dec20 Jun21 Dec21 Jun22 Dec22 Jun23 Dec23 Jun24 Dec24 Jun25 Dec25
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.26 0.00 -2.93 0.00 -2.18

FRA:CUV vs WM, RSG, WCN: Beneish M-Score Comparison

For the Conglomerates subindustry, Realord Technology Co's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Realord Technology Co Beneish M-Score vs Conglomerates Industry

For the Conglomerates industry and Industrials sector, Realord Technology Co's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Realord Technology Co's Beneish M-Score falls into.


FRA:CUV
18GF Score
Realord Technology Co Ltd FRA:CUV
Beneish M-Score is just one metric. See GF Score™, valuation, warning signs, and more.
View Full Analysis

Realord Technology Co Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Realord Technology Co for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.7544+0.528 * 1.4886+0.404 * 0.9697+0.892 * 1.1602+0.115 * 2.2022
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 0.7736+4.679 * -0.035553-0.327 * 0.9951
=-2.30

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec25) TTM:Last Year (Dec24) TTM:
Total Receivables was €152.30 Mil.
Revenue was €61.05 Mil.
Gross Profit was €14.64 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €1,137.46 Mil.
Total Assets was €2,206.64 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €43.14 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €4.26 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €19.18 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €287.76 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €1,311.84 Mil.
Net Income was €-97.73 Mil.
Gross Profit was €0.00 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was €-19.27 Mil.
Total Receivables was €174.00 Mil.
Revenue was €52.63 Mil.
Gross Profit was €18.79 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €1,166.44 Mil.
Total Assets was €2,332.83 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €47.76 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €11.77 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €21.37 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €1,165.60 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €533.76 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(152.298 / 61.054) / (174.003 / 52.625)
=2.49448 / 3.30647
=0.7544

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(18.79 / 52.625) / (14.644 / 61.054)
=0.357055 / 0.239853
=1.4886

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (1137.455 + 43.136) / 2206.641) / (1 - (1166.441 + 47.762) / 2332.834)
=0.464983 / 0.479516
=0.9697

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=61.054 / 52.625
=1.1602

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(11.771 / (11.771 + 47.762)) / (4.255 / (4.255 + 43.136))
=0.197722 / 0.089785
=2.2022

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(19.176 / 61.054) / (21.367 / 52.625)
=0.314083 / 0.406024
=0.7736

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((1311.843 + 287.761) / 2206.641) / ((533.763 + 1165.604) / 2332.834)
=0.724905 / 0.728456
=0.9951

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(-97.727 - 0 - -19.274) / 2206.641
=-0.035553

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Realord Technology Co has a M-score of -2.30 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

Frequently Asked Questions Learn more about Beneish M-Score →
What does a Beneish M-Score of -2.18 mean?
Realord Technology Co (FRA:CUV) has a Beneish M-Score of -2.18 as of Jul. 15, 2026. The Beneish M-score measures the likelihood of earnings manipulation. View historical data on Realord Technology Co and its competitors. According to the industry distribution chart, Realord Technology Co ranks #406 out of 541 companies in the Conglomerates industry, placing it in the top 75%.
Is Realord Technology Co's Beneish M-Score too high?
Realord Technology Co's current Beneish M-Score is -2.18. Based on the distribution chart, Realord Technology Co ranks #406 out of 541 companies in the Conglomerates industry, which is below the industry midpoint. Overall, Realord Technology Co has a GF Score™ of 18/100 and is considered Significantly Overvalued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Realord Technology Co's Beneish M-Score compare to WM and RSG?
According to the Conglomerates industry distribution chart, Realord Technology Co ranks #406 out of 541 companies for Beneish M-Score. This places Realord Technology Co in the lower half of its industry. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Beneish M-Score for a Conglomerates company?
A good Beneish M-Score depends on the Conglomerates industry context. However, Beneish M-Score should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Beneish M-Score mean?
A high Beneish M-Score can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Beneish M-score measures the likelihood of earnings manipulation. View historical data on Realord Technology Co and its competitors. Realord Technology Co's current Beneish M-Score is -2.18. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Realord Technology Co stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Realord Technology Co (FRA:CUV) is currently considered Significantly Overvalued. The stock's GF Value™ is €0.58, compared to a current price of €1.14 — trading 96.6% above its estimated fair value. The current Beneish M-Score is -2.18. Realord Technology Co's overall GF Score™ is 18/100 with 6 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Beneish M-Score calculated?
Beneish M-Score is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Realord Technology Co (FRA:CUV), the current Beneish M-Score is -2.18 as of Jul. 15, 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.

Is Realord Technology Co (FRA:CUV) Overvalued in 2026?

Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Realord Technology Co stock appears to be overvalued. The current stock price of €1.14 is trading 96.6% above its estimated GF Value™ of €0.58. GuruFocus considers Realord Technology Co to be Significantly Overvalued.

Key valuation signals for FRA:CUV:

  • Beneish M-Score: -2.18
  • GF Value™: €0.58 vs. price of €1.14 (96.6% above fair value)
  • GF Score™: 18/100 with 6 warning signs

No single metric tells the full story. See the FRA:CUV stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.


Realord Technology Co Business Description

Other Exchanges 01196:Hong KongCUV:Germany
Address 1 Connaught Place, 24th Floor, Jardine House, Central, Hong Kong, HKG
Realord Group Holdings Ltd is an investment holding company that operates in the following segments: Property Segment; Financial Services Segment; Environmental Protection Segment; Motor Vehicle Parts Segment; LAC Segment and Other segments include Hangtags and Cinema Operations. The Group engaged in various activities, including property investment, financial services, environmental protection, motor vehicle parts distribution, commercial printing, department store operation, and citizenship application & consultancy services. The Group also developed a project in Grenada that integrates educational facilities, apartments, hotel & resort facilities, commercial & shopping facilities, and university establishments.
18GF Score

Get the complete analysis for FRA:CUV

Beneish M-Score is just one metric. See GF Value™, 30-year financials, guru trades, warning signs, and more.

€1.14
Price
€0.58
GF Value