PT Kertas Basuki Rachmat Indonesia Tbk Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for PT Kertas Basuki Rachmat Indonesia Tbk's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
PT Kertas Basuki Rachmat Indonesia Tbk Beneish M-Score Chart
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PT Kertas Basuki Rachmat Indonesia Tbk Annual Data
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Dec09 |
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Dec18 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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0.00 |
3.34 |
-4.18 |
-2.03 |
-6.84 |
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PT Kertas Basuki Rachmat Indonesia Tbk Quarterly Data
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Sep14 |
Dec14 |
Mar15 |
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Sep19 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-4.43 |
-5.23 |
-6.84 |
-5.70 |
-1.72 |
PT Kertas Basuki Rachmat Indonesia Tbk Beneish M-Score Competitor Comparison
For the Paper & Paper Products subindustry, PT Kertas Basuki Rachmat Indonesia Tbk's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
PT Kertas Basuki Rachmat Indonesia Tbk Beneish M-Score vs Forest Products Industry
For the Forest Products industry and Basic Materials sector, PT Kertas Basuki Rachmat Indonesia Tbk's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where PT Kertas Basuki Rachmat Indonesia Tbk's Beneish M-Score falls into.
PT Kertas Basuki Rachmat Indonesia Tbk Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of PT Kertas Basuki Rachmat Indonesia Tbk for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 3.4099 | + | 0.528 * 0.0406 | + | 0.404 * 0.611 | + | 0.892 * 0.0286 | + | 0.115 * 2.5 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 13.3259 | + | 4.679 * -0.059075 | - | 0.327 * 1.0678 |
| = | -4.04 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Sep19) TTM: | Last Year (Jun18) TTM: |
Total Receivables was Rp896 Mil.
Revenue was 0 + 0 + 1043.938 + 381.174 = Rp1,425 Mil.
Gross Profit was -9642.687 + 0 + -12362.609 + -10638.106 = Rp-32,643 Mil.
Total Current Assets was Rp19,179 Mil.
Total Assets was Rp1,012,661 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was Rp992,707 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was Rp12 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was Rp1,427 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was Rp673,153 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was Rp125,996 Mil.
Net Income was -17368.849 + 0 + -545.157 + -44236.655 = Rp-62,151 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = Rp0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 4.735 + 0 + -1105.637 + -1226.483 = Rp-2,327 Mil.
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Total Receivables was Rp9,186 Mil.
Revenue was 803.49 + 642.859 + 48388.738 + 0 = Rp49,835 Mil.
Gross Profit was -10967.122 + -11338.101 + -23993.008 + 0 = Rp-46,298 Mil.
Total Current Assets was Rp57,537 Mil.
Total Assets was Rp1,101,615 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was Rp1,042,698 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was Rp32 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was Rp3,744 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was Rp291,121 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was Rp523,028 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (895.697 / 1425.112) | / | (9185.563 / 49835.087) |
| = | 0.62851 | / | 0.184319 |
| | = | 3.4099 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (-46298.231 / 49835.087) | / | (-32643.402 / 1425.112) |
| = | -0.929029 | / | -22.90585 |
| | = | 0.0406 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (19179.43 + 992707.106) / 1012660.89) | / | (1 - (57537.362 + 1042698.448) / 1101615.031) |
| = | 0.000765 | / | 0.001252 |
| | = | 0.611 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 1425.112 | / | 49835.087 |
| | = | 0.0286 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (31.54 / (31.54 + 1042698.448)) | / | (11.941 / (11.941 + 992707.106)) |
| = | 3.0E-5 | / | 1.2E-5 |
| | = | 2.5 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (1426.79 / 1425.112) | / | (3744.133 / 49835.087) |
| = | 1.001177 | / | 0.07513 |
| | = | 13.3259 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((125995.55 + 673152.879) / 1012660.89) | / | ((523028.199 + 291120.831) / 1101615.031) |
| = | 0.789157 | / | 0.73905 |
| | = | 1.0678 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (-62150.661 - 0 | - | -2327.385) | / | 1012660.89 |
| | = | -0.059075 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
PT Kertas Basuki Rachmat Indonesia Tbk has a M-score of -4.04 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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