Oakbay Resources and Energy Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for Oakbay Resources and Energy's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Oakbay Resources and Energy Beneish M-Score Chart
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Oakbay Resources and Energy Annual Data
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Oakbay Resources and Energy Semi-Annual Data
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Competitive Comparison of Oakbay Resources and Energy's Beneish M-Score
For the Other Industrial Metals & Mining subindustry, Oakbay Resources and Energy's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Oakbay Resources and Energy's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Metals & Mining Industry
For the Metals & Mining industry and Basic Materials sector, Oakbay Resources and Energy's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Oakbay Resources and Energy's Beneish M-Score falls into.
Oakbay Resources and Energy Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Oakbay Resources and Energy for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 1 | + | 0.528 * 1.5983 | + | 0.404 * 1.1237 | + | 0.892 * 1.6902 | + | 0.115 * 1 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 1 | + | 4.679 * -0.056167 | - | 0.327 * 0.7192 |
| = | -1.67 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Feb17) TTM: | Last Year (Feb16) TTM: |
Total Receivables was R0.0 Mil.
Revenue was R462.6 Mil.
Gross Profit was R48.6 Mil.
Total Current Assets was R264.5 Mil.
Total Assets was R9,650.1 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was R8,731.3 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was R0.0 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was R0.0 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was R280.5 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was R71.6 Mil.
Net Income was R-570.3 Mil.
Gross Profit was R0.0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was R-28.3 Mil.
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Total Receivables was R0.0 Mil.
Revenue was R273.7 Mil.
Gross Profit was R46.0 Mil.
Total Current Assets was R504.2 Mil.
Total Assets was R11,229.9 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was R10,048.1 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was R29.3 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was R0.0 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was R487.4 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was R82.3 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (0 / 462.622) | / | (0 / 273.714) |
| = | 0 | / | 0 |
| | = | 1 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (45.957 / 273.714) | / | (48.6 / 462.622) |
| = | 0.167902 | / | 0.105053 |
| | = | 1.5983 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (264.488 + 8731.275) / 9650.082) | / | (1 - (504.15 + 10048.087) / 11229.881) |
| = | 0.067805 | / | 0.060343 |
| | = | 1.1237 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 462.622 | / | 273.714 |
| | = | 1.6902 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (29.268 / (29.268 + 10048.087)) | / | (0 / (0 + 8731.275)) |
| = | 0.002904 | / | 0 |
| | = | 1 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (0 / 462.622) | / | (0 / 273.714) |
| = | 0 | / | 0 |
| | = | 1 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((71.646 + 280.46) / 9650.082) | / | ((82.349 + 487.415) / 11229.881) |
| = | 0.036487 | / | 0.050736 |
| | = | 0.7192 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (-570.345 - 0 | - | -28.325) | / | 9650.082 |
| | = | -0.056167 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Oakbay Resources and Energy has a M-score of -1.67 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
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