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Equinor ASA (OSTO:EQNR) Beneish M-Score : -2.86 (As of Dec. 13, 2024)


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What is Equinor ASA Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.86 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Equinor ASA's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

OSTO:EQNR' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -3.44   Med: -2.89   Max: -1.96
Current: -2.86

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Equinor ASA was -1.96. The lowest was -3.44. And the median was -2.89.


Equinor ASA Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Equinor ASA's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Equinor ASA Beneish M-Score Chart

Equinor ASA Annual Data
Trend Dec14 Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.89 -2.98 -2.45 -2.14 -3.06

Equinor ASA Quarterly Data
Dec19 Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23 Mar24 Jun24 Sep24
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.96 -3.06 -2.75 -2.50 -2.86

Competitive Comparison of Equinor ASA's Beneish M-Score

For the Oil & Gas Integrated subindustry, Equinor ASA's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Equinor ASA's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Oil & Gas Industry

For the Oil & Gas industry and Energy sector, Equinor ASA's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Equinor ASA's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Equinor ASA Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Equinor ASA for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.9823+0.528 * 1.1788+0.404 * 1.1431+0.892 * 0.9519+0.115 * 0.963
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1.3589+4.679 * -0.087321-0.327 * 0.9829
=-2.86

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Sep24) TTM:Last Year (Sep23) TTM:
Total Receivables was kr150,958 Mil.
Revenue was 269984.002 + 270289.315 + 266246.977 + 304276.344 = kr1,110,797 Mil.
Gross Profit was 106162.264 + 116440.323 + 114844.146 + 128882.02 = kr466,329 Mil.
Total Current Assets was kr536,845 Mil.
Total Assets was kr1,435,294 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was kr645,089 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was kr105,982 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was kr14,804 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was kr359,862 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was kr238,233 Mil.
Net Income was 24240.773 + 19755.259 + 28313.083 + 27460.088 = kr99,769 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 2910.592 + -2271.696 + 2706.085 + 5095.36 = kr8,440 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 74963.688 + 17101.409 + 95731.754 + 28863.158 = kr216,660 Mil.
Total Receivables was kr161,439 Mil.
Revenue was 278027.123 + 246913.668 + 307659.015 + 334352.464 = kr1,166,952 Mil.
Gross Profit was 110314.264 + 105372.864 + 166157.565 + 195665.5 = kr577,510 Mil.
Total Current Assets was kr664,599 Mil.
Total Assets was kr1,495,345 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was kr599,832 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was kr94,325 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was kr11,444 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was kr371,321 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was kr262,626 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(150957.769 / 1110796.638) / (161438.909 / 1166952.27)
=0.1359 / 0.138342
=0.9823

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(577510.193 / 1166952.27) / (466328.753 / 1110796.638)
=0.494888 / 0.419815
=1.1788

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (536844.959 + 645089.253) / 1435293.844) / (1 - (664598.934 + 599832.471) / 1495344.921)
=0.176521 / 0.154422
=1.1431

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=1110796.638 / 1166952.27
=0.9519

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(94325.464 / (94325.464 + 599832.471)) / (105981.832 / (105981.832 + 645089.253))
=0.135885 / 0.141108
=0.963

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(14804.113 / 1110796.638) / (11444.296 / 1166952.27)
=0.013327 / 0.009807
=1.3589

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((238233.05 + 359861.82) / 1435293.844) / ((262626.454 + 371321.288) / 1495344.921)
=0.416706 / 0.423948
=0.9829

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(99769.203 - 8440.341 - 216660.009) / 1435293.844
=-0.087321

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Equinor ASA has a M-score of -2.86 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Equinor ASA Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Equinor ASA Business Description

Address
Forusbeen 50, Stavanger, NOR, N-4035
Equinor is a Norway-based integrated oil and gas company. It has been publicly listed since 2001, but the government retains a 67% stake. Operating primarily on the Norwegian Continental Shelf, the firm produced 2.1 million barrels of oil equivalent per day in 2023 (53% liquids) and ended 2023 with 5.2 billion barrels of proven reserves (49% liquids). Operations also include offshore wind, solar, oil refineries and natural gas processing, marketing, and trading.