GURUFOCUS.COM » STOCK LIST » Technology » Software » PubMatic Inc (NAS:PUBM) » Definitions » Beneish M-Score

PubMatic (PubMatic) Beneish M-Score : -2.80 (As of May. 04, 2024)


View and export this data going back to 2020. Start your Free Trial

What is PubMatic Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.8 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for PubMatic's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

PUBM' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -2.8   Med: -2.49   Max: -2.34
Current: -2.8

During the past 6 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of PubMatic was -2.34. The lowest was -2.80. And the median was -2.49.


PubMatic Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for PubMatic's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

PubMatic Beneish M-Score Chart

PubMatic Annual Data
Trend Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial - - -2.49 -2.34 -2.80

PubMatic Quarterly Data
Dec18 Sep19 Dec19 Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.34 -2.46 -2.33 -2.84 -2.80

Competitive Comparison of PubMatic's Beneish M-Score

For the Software - Application subindustry, PubMatic's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


PubMatic's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Software Industry

For the Software industry and Technology sector, PubMatic's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where PubMatic's Beneish M-Score falls into.



PubMatic Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of PubMatic for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 1.147+0.528 * 1.0854+0.404 * 1.1499+0.892 * 1.0415+0.115 * 0.7359
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1.2243+4.679 * -0.10339-0.327 * 1.1303
=-2.80

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec23) TTM:Last Year (Dec22) TTM:
Total Receivables was $375.5 Mil.
Revenue was 84.6 + 63.677 + 63.33 + 55.407 = $267.0 Mil.
Gross Profit was 60.392 + 37.586 + 38.263 + 31.544 = $167.8 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $562.0 Mil.
Total Assets was $695.2 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $81.8 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $44.8 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $144.7 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $379.6 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $15.6 Mil.
Net Income was 18.702 + 1.774 + -5.724 + -5.871 = $8.9 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0.117 + 0.21 + -0.221 + -0.465 = $-0.4 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 28.674 + 23.845 + 15.848 + 12.754 = $81.1 Mil.
Total Receivables was $314.3 Mil.
Revenue was 74.296 + 64.5 + 63.032 + 54.552 = $256.4 Mil.
Gross Profit was 51.341 + 42.909 + 44.058 + 36.56 = $174.9 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $503.5 Mil.
Total Assets was $642.2 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $97.4 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $34.2 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $113.5 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $302.0 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $20.9 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(375.468 / 267.014) / (314.299 / 256.38)
=1.406173 / 1.225911
=1.147

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(174.868 / 256.38) / (167.785 / 267.014)
=0.682066 / 0.628375
=1.0854

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (561.955 + 81.831) / 695.243) / (1 - (503.478 + 97.362) / 642.175)
=0.074013 / 0.064367
=1.1499

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=267.014 / 256.38
=1.0415

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(34.249 / (34.249 + 97.362)) / (44.77 / (44.77 + 81.831))
=0.260229 / 0.353631
=0.7359

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(144.722 / 267.014) / (113.502 / 256.38)
=0.542002 / 0.44271
=1.2243

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((15.607 + 379.593) / 695.243) / ((20.915 + 302.026) / 642.175)
=0.568434 / 0.502886
=1.1303

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(8.881 - -0.359 - 81.121) / 695.243
=-0.10339

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

PubMatic has a M-score of -2.80 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


PubMatic Beneish M-Score Related Terms

Thank you for viewing the detailed overview of PubMatic's Beneish M-Score provided by GuruFocus.com. Please click on the following links to see related term pages.


PubMatic (PubMatic) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
N/A
Address
601 Marshall Street, Redwood City, CA, USA, 94063
PubMatic is one of the leading supply-side platform providers in the digital advertising technology market. These platforms help publishers, which supply digital ad inventory, better manage their inventory, selling a high percentage of their inventory (increase the ad fill rate) and maximizing revenue per ad sold (optimize yield). PubMatic generates revenue mainly via taking a piece of the ad sales that it enables. Buyers on the platform include intermediary buyers, such as demand-side platforms, or advertisers and ad agencies directly. Given the growth in overall digital advertising, more publishers and advertisers are adopting programmatic (or automated) buying and selling, driving the firm's success in attracting more inventory.
Executives
Paulina Klimenko officer: Chief Growth Officer C/O PUBMATIC, INC., 601 MARSHALL STREET, REDWOOD CITY CA 94065
Rajeev K. Goel director, 10 percent owner, officer: Chief Executive Officer C/O PUBMATIC, INC., 3 LAGOON DRIVE, SUITE 180, REDWOOD CITY CA 94065
Steven Pantelick officer: Chief Financial Officer C/O PUBMATIC, INC., 3 LAGOON DRIVE, SUITE 180, REDWOOD CITY CA 94065
Andrew Woods officer: General Counsel & Secretary C/O PUBMATIC, INC., 601 MARSHALL STREET, REDWOOD CITY CA 94063
Amar K. Goel director, 10 percent owner, officer: Chairman, Chief Growth Officer C/O PUBMATIC, INC., 3 LAGOON DRIVE, SUITE 180, REDWOOD CITY CA 94065
Mukul Kumar officer: President, Engineering C/O PUBMATIC, INC., 3 LAGOON DRIVE, SUITE 180, REDWOOD CITY CA 94065
Nikhil Ramesh Mehta director C/O F5 NETWORKS, INC., 401 ELLIOTT AVE. WEST, SEATTLE WA 98119
Anton Hanebrink director C/O PUBMATIC, INC., 601 MARSHALL STREET, REDWOOD CITY CA 94063
Lisa Gimbel officer: Chief Accounting Officer C/O PUBMATIC, INC., 601 MARSHALL STREET, REDWOOD CITY CA 94063
Van Der Zweep Michael officer: Controller C/O PUBMATIC, INC., 3 LAGOON DRIVE, SUITE 180, REDWOOD CITY CA 94065
Jeffrey K. Hirsch officer: Chief Commercial Officer C/O PUBMATIC, INC., 3 LAGOON DRIVE, SUITE 180, REDWOOD CITY CA 94065
Susan Daimler director C/O PUBMATIC, INC., 3 LAGOON DRIVE, SUITE 180, REDWOOD CITY CA 94065
Thomas C. Chow officer: General Counsel and Secretary C/O PUBMATIC, INC., 3 LAGOON DRIVE, SUITE 180, REDWOOD CITY CA 94065
Shelagh Glaser director ZENDESK, INC., 989 MARKET STREET, SAN FRANCISCO CA 94103
Yakov (jacob) Shulman director C/O MELLANOX TECHNOLOGIES, INC., 350 OAKMEAD PARKWAY, SUITE 100, SUNNYVALE CA 94085