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Yacktman defines forward rate of return as the normalized free cash flow yield plus real growth plus inflation. United Co RUSAL International PJSC's forward rate of return for was -14.31%.
The historical rank and industry rank for United Co RUSAL International PJSC's Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % or its related term are showing as below:
MIC:RUAL'
s Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -486.44 Med: 30.93 Max: 793.63
Current: -15.29
During the past 13 years, United Co RUSAL International PJSC's highest Forward Rate of Return was 793.63. The lowest was -486.44. And the median was 30.93.
MIC:RUAL's Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % is ranked worse than 85.14% of 444
companies
in the Metals & Mining industry
Industry Median: 9.125
vs MIC:RUAL: -15.29
Unlike the Earnings Yield %, the Forward Rate of Return uses the normalized Free Cash Flow of the past five years, and considers growth. The forward rate of return can be thought of as the return that investors buying the stock today can expect from it in the future.
United Co RUSAL International PJSC (MIC:RUAL) Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % Explanation
Unlike the Earnings Yield, the Forward Rate of Return uses the normalized Free Cash Flow of the past five years, and considers growth. The forward rate of return can be thought of as the return that investors buying the stock today can expect from it in the future.
For the growth part of the Forward Rate of Return calculation, GuruFocus uses the 5-year average growth rate of EBITDA per share as the growth rate, and the growth rate is always capped at 20%. For the Free Cash Flow we use per share data averaged over five years. The reason we use five years is to make it comparable to the growth rate.
Be Aware
In the Forward Rate of Return calculation, the growth rate is added directly to today's free cash flow yield. Therefore the calculation is reliable only if the company can grow at the same rate in the future as it did in the past. Investors should pay close attention to this when researching growth stocks. A more accurate measurement for return is Return on Capital.
United Co RUSAL International PJSC Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % Related Terms
United Co RUSAL International PJSC Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % Historical Data
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
United Co RUSAL International PJSC Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % Chart
MIC:RUAL vs AA, CENX, CSTM: Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % Comparison
For the Aluminum subindustry, United Co RUSAL International PJSC's Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) %, along with its competitors' market caps and Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
United Co RUSAL International PJSC Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % vs Metals & Mining Industry
For the Metals & Mining industry and Basic Materials sector, United Co RUSAL International PJSC's Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where United Co RUSAL International PJSC's Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % falls into.
United Co RUSAL International PJSC Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % Calculation
Forward Rate of Return is a concept that Don Yacktman uses in his investment approach. Yacktman explained the forward rate of return concept in detail in his interview with GuruFocus. Yacktman defines forward rate of return as the normalized free cash flow yield plus real growth plus inflation. He said in the interview (March 2012, when the S&P 500 was at about 1400):
If the business is stable, this calculation is fairly straightforward. For instance, on the S&P 500 we would normalize earnings. We would then calculate what percentage of those earnings are not reinvested in the underlying businesses and are therefore free. Historically, for the S&P 500, this has been just under 50% of earnings. Currently, we expect the S&P to earn about 70 on a normalized basis, a number which is far below reported earnings due to our adjusting for record high profit margins. $70 X ½ / 1400 gives you a normalized free cash flow yield of approximately 2.5%.
The historical real growth rate of the S&P 500 (companies) is about 1.5%. Assuming an inflation rate of 2.5%, the forward rate of return on an investment in the S&P 500 is about 6.5% today (2.5% free cash flow yield plus 1.5% real growth plus 2.5% inflation).
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
What does a Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % of -14.31% mean?
United Co RUSAL International PJSC (MIC:RUAL) has a Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % of -14.31% as of Dec. 2025. Yacktman's forward rate of return equals the sum of normalized free-cash-flow yield plus earnings growth. View historical data on United Co RUSAL International PJSC and its competitors. According to the industry distribution chart, United Co RUSAL International PJSC ranks #378 out of 444 companies in the Metals & Mining industry, placing it in the top 85.1%.
Is United Co RUSAL International PJSC's Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % too high?
United Co RUSAL International PJSC's current Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % is -14.31%. Based on the distribution chart, United Co RUSAL International PJSC ranks #378 out of 444 companies in the Metals & Mining industry, which is in the bottom quartile relative to peers. Overall, United Co RUSAL International PJSC has a GF Score™ of 75/100 and is considered Possible Value Trap, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does United Co RUSAL International PJSC's Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % compare to AA and CENX?
According to the Metals & Mining industry distribution chart, United Co RUSAL International PJSC ranks #378 out of 444 companies for Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) %. This places United Co RUSAL International PJSC in the lower half of its industry. The industry median Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % is 9.13. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % for a Metals & Mining company?
The median Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % among Metals & Mining companies is 9.13, based on 444 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % mean?
A high Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. Yacktman's forward rate of return equals the sum of normalized free-cash-flow yield plus earnings growth. View historical data on United Co RUSAL International PJSC and its competitors. For the Metals & Mining industry, the median Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % is 9.13 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. United Co RUSAL International PJSC's current Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % is -14.31%. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is United Co RUSAL International PJSC stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, United Co RUSAL International PJSC (MIC:RUAL) is currently considered Possible Value Trap. The stock's GF Value™ is ₽39.17, compared to a current price of ₽26.40 — trading 32.6% below its estimated fair value. The current Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % is -14.31%. United Co RUSAL International PJSC's overall GF Score™ is 75/100 with 5 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % calculated?
Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % is calculated from a company's financial statements. For United Co RUSAL International PJSC (MIC:RUAL), the current Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % is -14.31% as of Dec. 2025. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Is United Co RUSAL International PJSC (MIC:RUAL) Overvalued in 2026?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, United Co RUSAL International PJSC stock appears to be undervalued.
The current stock price of ₽26.40 is trading 32.6% below its estimated GF Value™ of ₽39.17.
GuruFocus considers United Co RUSAL International PJSC to be Possible Value Trap.
Key valuation signals for MIC:RUAL:
Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) %: -14.31%
GF Value™: ₽39.17 vs. price of ₽26.40 (32.6% below fair value)
No single metric tells the full story. See the MIC:RUAL stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.
United Co RUSAL International PJSC produces aluminium and aluminium products. Its products are primary aluminium, aluminium alloys, high-purity aluminium, wire rod, foil and packaging, aluminium powder, bauxite and alumina, silicon, gallium, corundum, and aluminium protectors. The Aluminium segment is a key revenue driver and covers the production and sale of primary aluminium and related products. Alumina segment encompasses the mining and refining of bauxite into alumina and the sale of alumina. The Energy segment comprises mining and sale of coal and generation and transmission of electricity produced from various sources. The mining and metals segment consists of equity investments in Norilsk Nickel. It has four segments Aluminium, Alumina, Energy and Mining, and Metals.
75GF Score
Get the complete analysis for MIC:RUAL
Forward Rate of Return (Yacktman) % is just one metric. See GF Value™, 30-year financials, guru trades, warning signs, and more.
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