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BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co (FRA:CN6) Piotroski F-Score Explanation
The developer of the system is Joseph D. Piotroski is relatively unknown accounting professor who shuns publicity and rarely gives interviews.
He graduated from the University of Illinois with a B.S. in accounting in 1989, received an M.B.A. from Indiana University in 1994. Five years later, in 1999, after earning a Ph.D. in accounting from the University of Michigan, he became an associate professor of accounting at the University of Chicago.
He wanted to see if he can develop a system (using a simple nine-point scoring system) that can increase the returns of a strategy of investing in low price to book (referred to in the paper as high book to market) value companies.
What he found was something that exceeded his most optimistic expectations.
Buying only those companies that scored highest (8 or 9) on his nine-point scale, or F-Score as he called it, over the 20 year period from 1976 to 1996 led to an average out-performance over the market of 13.4%.
Even more impressive were the results of a strategy of investing in the highest F-Score companies (8 or 9) and shorting companies with the lowest F-Score (0 or 1).
Over the same period from 1976 to 1996 (20 years) this strategy led to an average yearly return of 23%, substantially outperforming the average S&P 500 index return of 15.83% over the same period.
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co Piotroski F-Score Related Terms
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co Piotroski F-Score Historical Data
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co Piotroski F-Score Chart
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co Annual Data
FRA:CN6 vs IBM, ACN, FISV: Piotroski F-Score Comparison
For the Information Technology Services subindustry, BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's Piotroski F-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Piotroski F-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co Piotroski F-Score vs Software Industry
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
*Note: If the latest quarterly/semi-annual/annual total assets data is 0, then we will use previous quarterly/semi-annual/annual data for all the items in the balance sheet.
Profitability
Question 1. Return on Assets (ROA)
Net income before extraordinary items for the year divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.
Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's current Net Income (TTM) was 14.7.
==> Positive ==> Score 1.
Question 2. Cash Flow Return on Assets (CFROA)
Net cash flow from operating activities (operating cash flow) divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.
Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's current Cash Flow from Operations (TTM) was 22.5.
==> Positive ==> Score 1.
Question 3. Change in Return on Assets
Compare this year's return on assets (1) to last year's return on assets.
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's return on assets of this year was 0.0247654. BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's return on assets of last year was 0.03889542.
==> Last year is higher ==> Score 0.
Question 4. Quality of Earnings (Accrual)
Compare Cash flow return on assets (2) to return on assets (1)
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's gearing of this year was 0.0350259. BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's gearing of last year was 0.06021372.
==> This year is lower or equal to last year. ==> Score 1.
Question 6. Change in Working Capital (Liquidity)
Compare this year's current ratio (current assets divided by current liabilities) to last year's current ratio.
Score 1 if this year's current ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's current ratio of this year was 2.02157756. BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's current ratio of last year was 2.05177357.
==> Last year's current ratio is higher ==> Score 0.
Question 7. Change in Shares in Issue
Compare the number of shares in issue this year, to the number in issue last year.
Score 0 if there is larger number of shares in issue this year, 1 otherwise.
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's number of shares in issue this year was 2097.147. BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's number of shares in issue last year was 2097.147.
==> There is smaller number of shares in issue this year, or the same. ==> Score 1.
Efficiency
Question 8. Change in Gross Margin
Compare this year's gross margin (Gross Profit divided by sales) to last year's.
Score 1 if this year's gross margin is higher, 0 if it's lower.
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's gross margin of this year was 0.33424662. BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's gross margin of last year was 0.37403399.
==> Last year's gross margin is higher ==> Score 0.
Question 9. Change in asset turnover
Compare this year's asset turnover (total sales for the year divided by total assets at the beginning of the year) to last year's asset turnover ratio.
Score 1 if this year's asset turnover ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's asset turnover of this year was 0.32824215. BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's asset turnover of last year was 0.38448301.
==> Last year's asset turnover is higher ==> Score 0.
Evaluation
Piotroski F-Score
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5
Good or high score = 7, 8, 9
Bad or low score = 0, 1, 2, 3
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co has an F-score of 5 indicating the company's financial situation is typical for a stable company.
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co (FRA:CN6) has a Piotroski F-Score of 5 as of Aug. 13, 2026. The Piotroski F-score grades a company's business operating strength from 0-9. View historical data on BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co and its competitors. This is 17% below median its historical median of 6.00. Over the past decade, BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's Piotroski F-Score has ranged from 3.00 to 7.00. According to the industry distribution chart, BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co ranks #1099 out of 2725 companies in the Software industry, placing it in the top 40.3%.
Is BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's Piotroski F-Score too high?
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's current Piotroski F-Score of 5 is 17% below median its 10-year median of 6.00. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 3.00 to a high of 7.00. The Software industry median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00. BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's value of 5 is 0% at this industry median. Based on the distribution chart, BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co ranks #1099 out of 2725 companies in the Software industry, which is above the industry midpoint. Overall, BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co has a GF Score™ of 53/100, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's Piotroski F-Score compare to IBM and ACN?
According to the Software industry distribution chart, BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co ranks #1099 out of 2725 companies for Piotroski F-Score. This puts BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co in the upper half of its industry. The industry median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00. BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's value of 5 is 0% at this benchmark. Historically, BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's own Piotroski F-Score has ranged from 3.00 to 7.00 over the past decade. While the company's 10-year median is 6.00 vs. the industry median of 5.00, BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co has consistently been at the industry average. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Piotroski F-Score for a Software company?
The median Piotroski F-Score among Software companies is 5.00, based on 2,725 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Piotroski F-Score significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Piotroski F-Score should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's current Piotroski F-Score of 5 is 0% at the industry median. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Piotroski F-Score mean?
A high Piotroski F-Score can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Piotroski F-score grades a company's business operating strength from 0-9. View historical data on BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co and its competitors. For the Software industry, the median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's current Piotroski F-Score is 5, which is 17% below median its own 10-year median of 6.00. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co stock overvalued right now?
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co (FRA:CN6) has a current Piotroski F-Score of 5. The stock's GF Value™ is €0.03, compared to a current price of €0.02 — trading 38.3% below its estimated fair value. The current Piotroski F-Score is 5, which is 17% below median its 10-year median of 6.00 and 0% at the Software industry median of 5.00. BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co's overall GF Score™ is 53/100 with 4 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Piotroski F-Score calculated?
Piotroski F-Score is calculated from a company's financial statements. For BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co (FRA:CN6), the current Piotroski F-Score is 5 as of Aug. 13, 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Is BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co (FRA:CN6) Overvalued in 2026?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co stock appears to be undervalued.
The current stock price of €0.02 is trading 38.3% below its estimated GF Value™ of €0.03.
Key valuation signals for FRA:CN6:
Piotroski F-Score: 5 (17% below median its 10-year median of 6.00)
GF Value™: €0.03 vs. price of €0.02 (38.3% below fair value)
Industry Position: 0% at the Software median (#1099 of 2725)
No single metric tells the full story. See the FRA:CN6 stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.
BII Railway Transportation Technology Holdings Co Ltd is engaged in designing, implementing, selling, and maintenance, of application solutions for the networking and controlling systems of public transport. Its segments include Intelligent passenger information services; Digital-intelligence urban rail services; Innovative development; and Business development investment. The key part of the revenue is from the Intelligent passenger information services that provides design, production, implementation and sale, and maintenance of application solution services, which include related software, hardware, and spare parts in railway transportation areas. The group's revenue is derived from Mainland China, Hong Kong and Overseas.
53GF Score
Get the complete analysis for FRA:CN6
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