CSS HOLDINGSTSE:2304 +0.98%67 Piotroski F-Score is 9 as of Jul. 13, 2026, which is 80% above its 10-year median of 5.00. GuruFocus rates TSE:2304 with a GF Score™ of 67/100 and a GF Value™ of 円1,089.35 (Modestly Undervalued). Among 1,064 Business Services companies, CSS HOLDINGS ranks better than 99.91% on this metric.
Good Sign:
Piotroski F-Score is 9, indicates a very healthy situation.
The zones of discrimination were as such:
Good or high score = 7, 8, 9
Bad or low score = 0, 1, 2, 3
CSS HOLDINGS has an F-score of 9. It is a good or high score, which usually indicates a very healthy situation.
The historical rank and industry rank for CSS HOLDINGS's Piotroski F-Score or its related term are showing as below:
TSE:2304'
s Piotroski F-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: 3 Med: 5 Max: 9
Current: 9
During the past 13 years, the highest Piotroski F-Score of CSS HOLDINGS was 9. The lowest was 3. And the median was 5.
The developer of the system is Joseph D. Piotroski is relatively unknown accounting professor who shuns publicity and rarely gives interviews.
He graduated from the University of Illinois with a B.S. in accounting in 1989, received an M.B.A. from Indiana University in 1994. Five years later, in 1999, after earning a Ph.D. in accounting from the University of Michigan, he became an associate professor of accounting at the University of Chicago.
He wanted to see if he can develop a system (using a simple nine-point scoring system) that can increase the returns of a strategy of investing in low price to book (referred to in the paper as high book to market) value companies.
What he found was something that exceeded his most optimistic expectations.
Buying only those companies that scored highest (8 or 9) on his nine-point scale, or F-Score as he called it, over the 20 year period from 1976 to 1996 led to an average out-performance over the market of 13.4%.
Even more impressive were the results of a strategy of investing in the highest F-Score companies (8 or 9) and shorting companies with the lowest F-Score (0 or 1).
Over the same period from 1976 to 1996 (20 years) this strategy led to an average yearly return of 23%, substantially outperforming the average S&P 500 index return of 15.83% over the same period.
CSS HOLDINGS Piotroski F-Score Related Terms
CSS HOLDINGS Piotroski F-Score Historical Data
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The historical data trend for CSS HOLDINGS's Piotroski F-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
TSE:2304 vs CTAS, CPRT, ULS: Piotroski F-Score Comparison
For the Specialty Business Services subindustry, CSS HOLDINGS's Piotroski F-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Piotroski F-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
CSS HOLDINGS Piotroski F-Score vs Business Services Industry
For the Business Services industry and Industrials sector, CSS HOLDINGS's Piotroski F-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where CSS HOLDINGS's Piotroski F-Score falls into.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
*Note: If the latest quarterly/semi-annual/annual total assets data is 0, then we will use previous quarterly/semi-annual/annual data for all the items in the balance sheet.
Profitability
Question 1. Return on Assets (ROA)
Net income before extraordinary items for the year divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.
Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.
CSS HOLDINGS's current Net Income (TTM) was 587.
==> Positive ==> Score 1.
Question 2. Cash Flow Return on Assets (CFROA)
Net cash flow from operating activities (operating cash flow) divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.
CSS HOLDINGS's return on assets of this year was 0.09897888. CSS HOLDINGS's return on assets of last year was 0.07526214.
==> This year is higher. ==> Score 1.
Question 4. Quality of Earnings (Accrual)
Compare Cash flow return on assets (2) to return on assets (1)
CSS HOLDINGS's gearing of this year was 0.00099572. CSS HOLDINGS's gearing of last year was 0.00241753.
==> This year is lower or equal to last year. ==> Score 1.
Question 6. Change in Working Capital (Liquidity)
Compare this year's current ratio (current assets divided by current liabilities) to last year's current ratio.
Score 1 if this year's current ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower
CSS HOLDINGS's current ratio of this year was 1.37675743. CSS HOLDINGS's current ratio of last year was 1.28593443.
==> This year's current ratio is higher. ==> Score 1.
Question 7. Change in Shares in Issue
Compare the number of shares in issue this year, to the number in issue last year.
Score 0 if there is larger number of shares in issue this year, 1 otherwise.
CSS HOLDINGS's number of shares in issue this year was 5.027. CSS HOLDINGS's number of shares in issue last year was 5.041.
==> There is smaller number of shares in issue this year, or the same. ==> Score 1.
Efficiency
Question 8. Change in Gross Margin
Compare this year's gross margin (Gross Profit divided by sales) to last year's.
Score 1 if this year's gross margin is higher, 0 if it's lower.
CSS HOLDINGS's gross margin of this year was 0.16513064. CSS HOLDINGS's gross margin of last year was 0.1621705.
==> This year's gross margin is higher. ==> Score 1.
Question 9. Change in asset turnover
Compare this year's asset turnover (total sales for the year divided by total assets at the beginning of the year) to last year's asset turnover ratio.
Score 1 if this year's asset turnover ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower
CSS HOLDINGS's asset turnover of this year was 3.28766908. CSS HOLDINGS's asset turnover of last year was 3.09290206.
==> This year's asset turnover is higher. ==> Score 1.
Evaluation
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Good or high score = 7, 8, 9
Bad or low score = 0, 1, 2, 3
CSS HOLDINGS has an F-score of 9. It is a good or high score, which usually indicates a very healthy situation.
CSS HOLDINGS (TSE:2304) has a Piotroski F-Score of 9 as of Jul. 13, 2026. The Piotroski F-score grades a company's business operating strength from 0-9. View historical data on CSS HOLDINGS and its competitors. This is 80% above median its historical median of 5.00. Over the past decade, CSS HOLDINGS's Piotroski F-Score has ranged from 3.00 to 9.00. According to the industry distribution chart, CSS HOLDINGS ranks #1 out of 1064 companies in the Business Services industry, placing it in the top 0.099999999999994%.
Is CSS HOLDINGS's Piotroski F-Score too high?
CSS HOLDINGS's current Piotroski F-Score of 9 is 80% above median its 10-year median of 5.00. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 3.00 to a high of 9.00. The Business Services industry median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00. CSS HOLDINGS's value of 9 is 80% above this industry median. Based on the distribution chart, CSS HOLDINGS ranks #1 out of 1064 companies in the Business Services industry, which is in the top quartile — a strong position relative to peers. Overall, CSS HOLDINGS has a GF Score™ of 67/100 and is considered Modestly Undervalued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does CSS HOLDINGS's Piotroski F-Score compare to CTAS and CPRT?
According to the Business Services industry distribution chart, CSS HOLDINGS ranks #1 out of 1064 companies for Piotroski F-Score. This places CSS HOLDINGS in the top 0% of its industry — outperforming the majority of peers. The industry median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00. CSS HOLDINGS's value of 9 is 80% above this benchmark. Historically, CSS HOLDINGS's own Piotroski F-Score has ranged from 3.00 to 9.00 over the past decade. While the company's 10-year median is 5.00 vs. the industry median of 5.00, CSS HOLDINGS has consistently been above the industry average. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Piotroski F-Score for a Business Services company?
The median Piotroski F-Score among Business Services companies is 5.00, based on 1,064 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Piotroski F-Score significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Piotroski F-Score should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. CSS HOLDINGS's current Piotroski F-Score of 9 is 80% above the industry median. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Piotroski F-Score mean?
A high Piotroski F-Score can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Piotroski F-score grades a company's business operating strength from 0-9. View historical data on CSS HOLDINGS and its competitors. For the Business Services industry, the median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. CSS HOLDINGS's current Piotroski F-Score is 9, which is 80% above median its own 10-year median of 5.00. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is CSS HOLDINGS stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, CSS HOLDINGS (TSE:2304) is currently considered Modestly Undervalued. The stock's GF Value™ is 円1,089.35, compared to a current price of 円926.00 — trading 15% below its estimated fair value. The current Piotroski F-Score is 9, which is 80% above median its 10-year median of 5.00 and 80% above the Business Services industry median of 5.00. CSS HOLDINGS's overall GF Score™ is 67/100. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Piotroski F-Score calculated?
Piotroski F-Score is calculated from a company's financial statements. For CSS HOLDINGS (TSE:2304), the current Piotroski F-Score is 9 as of Jul. 13, 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Is CSS HOLDINGS (TSE:2304) Overvalued in 2026?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, CSS HOLDINGS stock appears to be undervalued.
The current stock price of 円926.00 is trading 15% below its estimated GF Value™ of 円1,089.35.
GuruFocus considers CSS HOLDINGS to be Modestly Undervalued.
Key valuation signals for TSE:2304:
Piotroski F-Score: 9 (80% above median its 10-year median of 5.00)
GF Value™: 円1,089.35 vs. price of 円926.00 (15% below fair value)
Industry Position: 80% above the Business Services median (#1 of 1064)
No single metric tells the full story. See the TSE:2304 stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.
CSS HOLDINGS Ltd is a holding company engaged in the operation and management of its group companies. It operates Steward Business; dishwashing and management work centered on hotels and restaurants, Food Business; which handles employee cafeteria and restaurant management contracts through its subsidiaries, Space Produce Business; designs, constructs, manages, and sells items related to video, audio, broadcasting and security, and Others includes general affairs, personnel, and management related business.
67GF Score
Get the complete analysis for TSE:2304
Piotroski F-Score is just one metric. See GF Value™, 30-year financials, guru trades, warning signs, and more.
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