Kayac (TSE:3904) Piotroski F-Score: 8 (As of Aug. 17, 2026) — 33% Above Median

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TSE:3904 Kayac Inc TSE:3904
61 GF Score
Price 円423.00
GF Value 円783.77
Valuation Significantly Undervalued
! 1 Warning Sign
View Full Analysis

What is Kayac Piotroski F-Score?

Kayac TSE:3904 -0.70% 61 Piotroski F-Score is 8 as of Aug. 17, 2026, which is 33% above its 10-year median of 6.00. GuruFocus rates TSE:3904 with a GF Score™ of 61/100 and a GF Value™ of 円783.77 (Significantly Undervalued). The stock has 1 warning sign investors should review. Among 547 Interactive Media companies, Kayac ranks better than 98.17% on this metric.

Good Sign:

Piotroski F-Score is 8, indicates a very healthy situation.

The zones of discrimination were as such:

Good or high score = 7, 8, 9
Bad or low score = 0, 1, 2, 3

Kayac has an F-score of 8. It is a good or high score, which usually indicates a very healthy situation.

The historical rank and industry rank for Kayac's Piotroski F-Score or its related term are showing as below:

TSE:3904' s Piotroski F-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: 1   Med: 6   Max: 8
Current: 8

During the past 13 years, the highest Piotroski F-Score of Kayac was 8. The lowest was 1. And the median was 6.

Kayac  (TSE:3904) Piotroski F-Score Explanation

The developer of the system is Joseph D. Piotroski is relatively unknown accounting professor who shuns publicity and rarely gives interviews.

He graduated from the University of Illinois with a B.S. in accounting in 1989, received an M.B.A. from Indiana University in 1994. Five years later, in 1999, after earning a Ph.D. in accounting from the University of Michigan, he became an associate professor of accounting at the University of Chicago.

In 2000, he wrote a research paper called "Value Investing: The Use of Historical Financial Statement Information to Separate Winners from Losers" (pdf).

He wanted to see if he can develop a system (using a simple nine-point scoring system) that can increase the returns of a strategy of investing in low price to book (referred to in the paper as high book to market) value companies.

What he found was something that exceeded his most optimistic expectations.

Buying only those companies that scored highest (8 or 9) on his nine-point scale, or F-Score as he called it, over the 20 year period from 1976 to 1996 led to an average out-performance over the market of 13.4%.

Even more impressive were the results of a strategy of investing in the highest F-Score companies (8 or 9) and shorting companies with the lowest F-Score (0 or 1).

Over the same period from 1976 to 1996 (20 years) this strategy led to an average yearly return of 23%, substantially outperforming the average S&P 500 index return of 15.83% over the same period.


Kayac Piotroski F-Score Related Terms


Kayac Piotroski F-Score Historical Data

* Premium members only.

The historical data trend for Kayac's Piotroski F-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

Kayac Piotroski F-Score Chart

Kayac Annual Data
Trend Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23 Dec24 Dec25
Piotroski F-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only 7.00 6.00 6.00 3.00 8.00

Kayac Quarterly Data
Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23 Mar24 Jun24 Dec24 Mar25 Jun25 Sep25 Dec25 Mar26
Piotroski F-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00

TSE:3904 vs NTES, EA, TTWO: Piotroski F-Score Comparison

For the Electronic Gaming & Multimedia subindustry, Kayac's Piotroski F-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Piotroski F-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Kayac Piotroski F-Score vs Interactive Media Industry

For the Interactive Media industry and Communication Services sector, Kayac's Piotroski F-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Kayac's Piotroski F-Score falls into.


TSE:3904
61GF Score
Kayac Inc TSE:3904
Piotroski F-Score is just one metric. See GF Score™, valuation, warning signs, and more.
View Full Analysis

How is the Piotroski F-Score calculated?

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec25) TTM:Last Year (Dec24) TTM:
Net Income was 円684 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 円933 Mil.
Revenue was 円20,095 Mil.
Gross Profit was 円10,915 Mil.
Average Total Assets from the begining of this year (Dec24)
to the end of this year (Dec25) was (12875.219 + 13556.744) / 2 = 円13215.9815 Mil.
Total Assets at the begining of this year (Dec24) was 円12,875 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was 円1,801 Mil.
Total Current Assets was 円9,994 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was 円5,373 Mil.
Net Income was 円149 Mil.

Revenue was 円16,728 Mil.
Gross Profit was 円9,026 Mil.
Average Total Assets from the begining of last year (Dec23)
to the end of last year (Dec24) was (11680.219 + 12875.219) / 2 = 円12277.719 Mil.
Total Assets at the begining of last year (Dec23) was 円11,680 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was 円1,992 Mil.
Total Current Assets was 円8,950 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was 円4,772 Mil.

*Note: If the latest quarterly/semi-annual/annual total assets data is 0, then we will use previous quarterly/semi-annual/annual data for all the items in the balance sheet.

Profitability

Question 1. Return on Assets (ROA)

Net income before extraordinary items for the year divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.

Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.

Kayac's current Net Income (TTM) was 684. ==> Positive ==> Score 1.

Question 2. Cash Flow Return on Assets (CFROA)

Net cash flow from operating activities (operating cash flow) divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.

Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.

Kayac's current Cash Flow from Operations (TTM) was 933. ==> Positive ==> Score 1.

Question 3. Change in Return on Assets

Compare this year's return on assets (1) to last year's return on assets.

Score 1 if it's higher, 0 if it's lower.

ROA (This Year)=Net Income/Total Assets (Dec24)
=683.924/12875.219
=0.05311941

ROA (Last Year)=Net Income/Total Assets (Dec23)
=149.053/11680.219
=0.01276115

Kayac's return on assets of this year was 0.05311941. Kayac's return on assets of last year was 0.01276115. ==> This year is higher. ==> Score 1.

Question 4. Quality of Earnings (Accrual)

Compare Cash flow return on assets (2) to return on assets (1)

Score 1 if CFROA > ROA, 0 if CFROA <= ROA.

Kayac's current Net Income (TTM) was 684. Kayac's current Cash Flow from Operations (TTM) was 933. ==> 933 > 684 ==> CFROA > ROA ==> Score 1.

Funding

Question 5. Change in Gearing or Leverage

Compare this year's gearing (long-term debt divided by average total assets) to last year's gearing.

Score 0 if this year's gearing is higher, 1 otherwise.

Gearing (This Year: Dec25)=Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation/Average Total Assets from Dec24 to Dec25
=1800.918/13215.9815
=0.1362682

Gearing (Last Year: Dec24)=Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation/Average Total Assets from Dec23 to Dec24
=1991.975/12277.719
=0.16224308

Kayac's gearing of this year was 0.1362682. Kayac's gearing of last year was 0.16224308. ==> This year is lower or equal to last year. ==> Score 1.

Question 6. Change in Working Capital (Liquidity)

Compare this year's current ratio (current assets divided by current liabilities) to last year's current ratio.

Score 1 if this year's current ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower

Current Ratio (This Year: Dec25)=Total Current Assets/Total Current Liabilities
=9993.763/5372.655
=1.86011627

Current Ratio (Last Year: Dec24)=Total Current Assets/Total Current Liabilities
=8949.749/4772.408
=1.87531095

Kayac's current ratio of this year was 1.86011627. Kayac's current ratio of last year was 1.87531095. ==> Last year's current ratio is higher ==> Score 0.

Question 7. Change in Shares in Issue

Compare the number of shares in issue this year, to the number in issue last year.

Score 0 if there is larger number of shares in issue this year, 1 otherwise.

Kayac's number of shares in issue this year was 16.041. Kayac's number of shares in issue last year was 16.109. ==> There is smaller number of shares in issue this year, or the same. ==> Score 1.

Efficiency

Question 8. Change in Gross Margin

Compare this year's gross margin (Gross Profit divided by sales) to last year's.

Score 1 if this year's gross margin is higher, 0 if it's lower.

Gross Margin (This Year: TTM)=Gross Profit/Revenue
=10914.971/20094.686
=0.54317699

Gross Margin (Last Year: TTM)=Gross Profit/Revenue
=9025.742/16727.784
=0.53956591

Kayac's gross margin of this year was 0.54317699. Kayac's gross margin of last year was 0.53956591. ==> This year's gross margin is higher. ==> Score 1.

Question 9. Change in asset turnover

Compare this year's asset turnover (total sales for the year divided by total assets at the beginning of the year) to last year's asset turnover ratio.

Score 1 if this year's asset turnover ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower

Asset Turnover (This Year)=Revenue/Total Assets at the Beginning of This Year (Dec24)
=20094.686/12875.219
=1.56072576

Asset Turnover (Last Year)=Revenue/Total Assets at the Beginning of Last Year (Dec23)
=16727.784/11680.219
=1.43214643

Kayac's asset turnover of this year was 1.56072576. Kayac's asset turnover of last year was 1.43214643. ==> This year's asset turnover is higher. ==> Score 1.

Evaluation

Piotroski F-Score= Que. 1+ Que. 2+ Que. 3+Que. 4+Que. 5+Que. 6+Que. 7+Que. 8+Que. 9
=1+1+1+1+1+0+1+1+1
=8

Good or high score = 7, 8, 9
Bad or low score = 0, 1, 2, 3

Kayac has an F-score of 8. It is a good or high score, which usually indicates a very healthy situation.

Frequently Asked Questions Learn more about Piotroski F-Score →
What does a Piotroski F-Score of 8 mean?
Kayac (TSE:3904) has a Piotroski F-Score of 8 as of Aug. 17, 2026. The Piotroski F-score grades a company's business operating strength from 0-9. View historical data on Kayac and its competitors. This is 33% above median its historical median of 6.00. Over the past decade, Kayac's Piotroski F-Score has ranged from 1.00 to 8.00. According to the industry distribution chart, Kayac ranks #10 out of 547 companies in the Interactive Media industry, placing it in the top 1.8%.
Is Kayac's Piotroski F-Score too high?
Kayac's current Piotroski F-Score of 8 is 33% above median its 10-year median of 6.00. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 1.00 to a high of 8.00. The Interactive Media industry median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00. Kayac's value of 8 is 60% above this industry median. Based on the distribution chart, Kayac ranks #10 out of 547 companies in the Interactive Media industry, which is in the top quartile — a strong position relative to peers. Overall, Kayac has a GF Score™ of 61/100 and is considered Significantly Undervalued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Kayac's Piotroski F-Score compare to NTES and EA?
According to the Interactive Media industry distribution chart, Kayac ranks #10 out of 547 companies for Piotroski F-Score. This places Kayac in the top 2% of its industry — outperforming the majority of peers. The industry median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00. Kayac's value of 8 is 60% above this benchmark. Historically, Kayac's own Piotroski F-Score has ranged from 1.00 to 8.00 over the past decade. While the company's 10-year median is 6.00 vs. the industry median of 5.00, Kayac has consistently been above the industry average. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Piotroski F-Score for an Interactive Media company?
The median Piotroski F-Score among Interactive Media companies is 5.00, based on 547 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Piotroski F-Score significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Piotroski F-Score should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Kayac's current Piotroski F-Score of 8 is 60% above the industry median. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Piotroski F-Score mean?
A high Piotroski F-Score can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Piotroski F-score grades a company's business operating strength from 0-9. View historical data on Kayac and its competitors. For the Interactive Media industry, the median Piotroski F-Score is 5.00 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Kayac's current Piotroski F-Score is 8, which is 33% above median its own 10-year median of 6.00. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Kayac stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Kayac (TSE:3904) is currently considered Significantly Undervalued. The stock's GF Value™ is 円783.77, compared to a current price of 円423.00 — trading 46% below its estimated fair value. The current Piotroski F-Score is 8, which is 33% above median its 10-year median of 6.00 and 60% above the Interactive Media industry median of 5.00. Kayac's overall GF Score™ is 61/100 with 1 warning sign to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Piotroski F-Score calculated?
Piotroski F-Score is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Kayac (TSE:3904), the current Piotroski F-Score is 8 as of Aug. 17, 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.

Is Kayac (TSE:3904) Overvalued in 2026?

Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Kayac stock appears to be undervalued. The current stock price of 円423.00 is trading 46% below its estimated GF Value™ of 円783.77. GuruFocus considers Kayac to be Significantly Undervalued.

Key valuation signals for TSE:3904:

  • Piotroski F-Score: 8 (33% above median its 10-year median of 6.00)
  • GF Value™: 円783.77 vs. price of 円423.00 (46% below fair value)
  • GF Score™: 61/100 with 1 warning sign
  • Industry Position: 60% above the Interactive Media median (#10 of 547)

No single metric tells the full story. See the TSE:3904 stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.


Kayac Business Description

Address 11-8 Onarimachi, Former Bank Building, Kanagawa Prefecture, Kamakura, JPN, 248-0012
Kayac Inc is a Japanese entertainment content business. The group operates a digital platform, a publishing business, and develops and invests in area-specific content in key regions. It provides services of Regional capitalism, Game Entertainment, Interesting Production, e-sports, and Others.
61GF Score

Get the complete analysis for TSE:3904

Piotroski F-Score is just one metric. See GF Value™, 30-year financials, guru trades, warning signs, and more.

円423.00
Price
円783.77
GF Value