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Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
The historical rank and industry rank for Ecotel Communication AG's Graham Number or its related term are showing as below:
During the past 13 years, the highest Price to Graham Number ratio of Ecotel Communication AG was 7.31. The lowest was 0.96. And the median was 3.14.
FRA:E4C's Price-to-Graham-Number is not ranked *
in the Telecommunication Services industry.
Industry Median: 1.52 * Ranked among companies with meaningful Price-to-Graham-Number only.
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
Ecotel Communication AG (FRA:E4C) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Ecotel Communication AG's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Jun. 2026 )
=
6.40
/
1.12
=
5.69
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Ecotel Communication AG Graham Number Related Terms
Ecotel Communication AG Graham Number Historical Data
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
For the Telecom Services subindustry, Ecotel Communication AG's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Ecotel Communication AG Price-to-Graham-Number vs Telecommunication Services Industry
For the Telecommunication Services industry and Communication Services sector, Ecotel Communication AG's Price-to-Graham-Number distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Ecotel Communication AG's Price-to-Graham-Number falls into.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Ecotel Communication AG (FRA:E4C) has a Graham Number of €1.12 as of Jun. 2026. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Ecotel Communication AG and its competitors. According to the industry distribution chart, Ecotel Communication AG ranks #999999 out of 197 companies in the Telecommunication Services industry.
Is Ecotel Communication AG's Graham Number too high?
Ecotel Communication AG's current Graham Number is €1.12. Based on the distribution chart, Ecotel Communication AG ranks #999999 out of 197 companies in the Telecommunication Services industry, which is in the bottom quartile relative to peers. Overall, Ecotel Communication AG has a GF Score™ of 62/100, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Ecotel Communication AG's Graham Number compare to VZ and TMUS?
According to the Telecommunication Services industry distribution chart, Ecotel Communication AG ranks #999999 out of 197 companies for Graham Number. This places Ecotel Communication AG in the lower half of its industry. The industry median Graham Number is 1.52. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Graham Number for a Telecommunication Services company?
The median Graham Number among Telecommunication Services companies is 1.52, based on 197 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Graham Number significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Graham Number should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Graham Number mean?
A high Graham Number can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Ecotel Communication AG and its competitors. For the Telecommunication Services industry, the median Graham Number is 1.52 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Ecotel Communication AG's current Graham Number is €1.12. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Ecotel Communication AG stock overvalued right now?
Ecotel Communication AG (FRA:E4C) has a current Graham Number of €1.12. The stock's GF Value™ is €13.88, compared to a current price of €6.40 — trading 53.9% below its estimated fair value. The current Graham Number is €1.12. Ecotel Communication AG's overall GF Score™ is 62/100 with 3 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Graham Number calculated?
Graham Number is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Ecotel Communication AG (FRA:E4C), the current Graham Number is €1.12 as of Jun. 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Is Ecotel Communication AG (FRA:E4C) Overvalued in 2026?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Ecotel Communication AG stock appears to be undervalued.
The current stock price of €6.40 is trading 53.9% below its estimated GF Value™ of €13.88.
Key valuation signals for FRA:E4C:
Graham Number: €1.12
GF Value™: €13.88 vs. price of €6.40 (53.9% below fair value)
No single metric tells the full story. See the FRA:E4C stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.
Ecotel Communication AG is a telecommunication company operating in Germany that provides a solution to customers involved in the IT and telecommunication industry. The company operates under business segments that is Ecotel Business customers, Ecotel Wholesale, and Easybell, Majority of the firm's revenue comes from Ecotel Business customers which offers business customers throughout Germany an integrated product portfolio of voice and data services (ICT solutions). The firm's sales are mostly generated in Germany.
62GF Score
Get the complete analysis for FRA:E4C
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