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The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Good Sign:
Beneish M-Score -2.09 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
The historical rank and industry rank for TI Cloud's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:
HKSE:02167'
s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -3.12 Med: -2.29 Max: 0.59
Current: -2.09
During the past 7 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of TI Cloud was 0.59. The lowest was -3.12. And the median was -2.29.
The historical data trend for TI Cloud's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
HKSE:02167 vs MSFT, ORCL, PLTR: Beneish M-Score Comparison
For the Software - Infrastructure subindustry, TI Cloud's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
TI Cloud Beneish M-Score vs Software Industry
For the Software industry and Technology sector, TI Cloud's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where TI Cloud's Beneish M-Score falls into.
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of TI Cloud for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
M
=
-4.84
+
0.92 * DSRI
+
0.528 * GMI
+
0.404 * AQI
+
0.892 * SGI
+
0.115 * DEPI
=
-4.84
+
0.92 * 1.1203
+
0.528 * 1.0277
+
0.404 * 1.1178
+
0.892 * 1.1232
+
0.115 * 1.0474
-
0.172 * SGAI
+
4.679 * TATA
-
0.327 * LVGI
-
0.172 * 0.9758
+
4.679 * 0.025883
-
0.327 * 1.0604
=
-2.09
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
DEPI
=
(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1))
/
(Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=
(12.289 / (12.289 + 11.26))
/
(11.752 / (11.752 + 11.835))
=
0.521848
/
0.498241
=
1.0474
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
TATA
=
(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t
-
CashFlowsfromOperations_t)
/
TotalAssets_t
=
(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t
-
CashFlowsfromOperations_t)
/
TotalAssets_t
=
(67.192 - 0
-
46.966)
/
781.433
=
0.025883
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
TI Cloud has a M-score of -2.09 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
TI Cloud (HKSE:02167) has a Beneish M-Score of -2.09 as of Aug. 07, 2026. The Beneish M-score measures the likelihood of earnings manipulation. View historical data on TI Cloud and its competitors. According to the industry distribution chart, TI Cloud ranks #1925 out of 2628 companies in the Software industry, placing it in the top 73.2%.
Is TI Cloud's Beneish M-Score too high?
TI Cloud's current Beneish M-Score is -2.09. Based on the distribution chart, TI Cloud ranks #1925 out of 2628 companies in the Software industry, which is below the industry midpoint. Overall, TI Cloud has a GF Score™ of 77/100 and is considered Significantly Undervalued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does TI Cloud's Beneish M-Score compare to MSFT and ORCL?
According to the Software industry distribution chart, TI Cloud ranks #1925 out of 2628 companies for Beneish M-Score. This places TI Cloud in the lower half of its industry. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Beneish M-Score for a Software company?
A good Beneish M-Score depends on the Software industry context. However, Beneish M-Score should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Beneish M-Score mean?
A high Beneish M-Score can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Beneish M-score measures the likelihood of earnings manipulation. View historical data on TI Cloud and its competitors. TI Cloud's current Beneish M-Score is -2.09. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is TI Cloud stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, TI Cloud (HKSE:02167) is currently considered Significantly Undervalued. The stock's GF Value™ is HK$4.42, compared to a current price of HK$2.99 — trading 32.5% below its estimated fair value. The current Beneish M-Score is -2.09. TI Cloud's overall GF Score™ is 77/100 with 2 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Beneish M-Score calculated?
Beneish M-Score is calculated from a company's financial statements. For TI Cloud (HKSE:02167), the current Beneish M-Score is -2.09 as of Aug. 07, 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Is TI Cloud (HKSE:02167) Overvalued in 2026?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, TI Cloud stock appears to be undervalued.
The current stock price of HK$2.99 is trading 32.5% below its estimated GF Value™ of HK$4.42.
GuruFocus considers TI Cloud to be Significantly Undervalued.
Key valuation signals for HKSE:02167:
Beneish M-Score: -2.09
GF Value™: HK$4.42 vs. price of HK$2.99 (32.5% below fair value)
No single metric tells the full story. See the HKSE:02167 stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.
TI Cloud Inc is an investment holding company. Along with its subsidiaries were principally offers a broad array of cloud-native customer contact solutions, which are communication solutions that enable enterprises to engage in multi-channel customer interactions. The group operates in one segment, which is the provision of artificial intelligence-based cloud customer contact solution software and related services in the Software as a Service (SaaS) model and Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) model. The company generates the majority of its revenue from the SaaS Model, followed by Cloud Contact Center Solutions, and VPC and Other Solutions. Geographically, it operates in Hong Kong and Mainland China. The company generates the majority of its revenue from Mainland China.
77GF Score
Get the complete analysis for HKSE:02167
Beneish M-Score is just one metric. See GF Value™, 30-year financials, guru trades, warning signs, and more.
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