Halma Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for Halma's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Halma Beneish M-Score Chart
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Halma Annual Data
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Trend |
Mar15 |
Mar16 |
Mar17 |
Mar18 |
Mar19 |
Mar20 |
Mar21 |
Mar22 |
Mar23 |
Mar24 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.61 |
-2.70 |
-2.29 |
-2.36 |
-2.51 |
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Halma Semi-Annual Data
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Mar15 |
Sep15 |
Mar16 |
Sep16 |
Mar17 |
Sep17 |
Mar18 |
Sep18 |
Mar19 |
Sep19 |
Mar20 |
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Mar22 |
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Mar23 |
Sep23 |
Mar24 |
Sep24 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.36 |
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-2.51 |
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Competitive Comparison of Halma's Beneish M-Score
For the Conglomerates subindustry, Halma's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Halma's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Conglomerates Industry
For the Conglomerates industry and Industrials sector, Halma's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Halma's Beneish M-Score falls into.
Halma Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Halma for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 1.0279 | + | 0.528 * 1.0094 | + | 0.404 * 1.0305 | + | 0.892 * 1.1495 | + | 0.115 * 1.0152 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 0.9429 | + | 4.679 * -0.038735 | - | 0.327 * 0.9816 |
| = | -2.47 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Mar24) TTM: | Last Year (Mar23) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $546 Mil.
Revenue was $2,585 Mil.
Gross Profit was $1,275 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $1,158 Mil.
Total Assets was $3,812 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $301 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $134 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $808 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $473 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $986 Mil.
Net Income was $342 Mil.
Gross Profit was $0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was $489 Mil.
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Total Receivables was $462 Mil.
Revenue was $2,249 Mil.
Gross Profit was $1,120 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $1,087 Mil.
Total Assets was $3,384 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $271 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $123 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $746 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $414 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $905 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (545.87 / 2584.625) | / | (462.015 / 2248.544) |
| = | 0.211199 | / | 0.205473 |
| | = | 1.0279 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (1120.024 / 2248.544) | / | (1275.476 / 2584.625) |
| = | 0.498111 | / | 0.493486 |
| | = | 1.0094 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (1158.45 + 300.889) / 3811.817) | / | (1 - (1086.893 + 270.51) / 3383.981) |
| = | 0.617154 | / | 0.598874 |
| | = | 1.0305 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 2584.625 | / | 2248.544 |
| | = | 1.1495 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (123.301 / (123.301 + 270.51)) | / | (134.18 / (134.18 + 300.889)) |
| = | 0.313097 | / | 0.308411 |
| | = | 1.0152 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (808.259 / 2584.625) | / | (745.752 / 2248.544) |
| = | 0.312718 | / | 0.33166 |
| | = | 0.9429 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((986.15 + 472.808) / 3811.817) | / | ((905.34 + 414.078) / 3383.981) |
| = | 0.382746 | / | 0.389901 |
| | = | 0.9816 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (341.55 - 0 | - | 489.199) | / | 3811.817 |
| | = | -0.038735 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Halma has a M-score of -2.47 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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